sociology test

Dorothy smith

Canadian feminist theorist who focused on how women have been marginalized in society. Feminist sociology is a type of conflict theory, but it covers so many issues that it’s usually given its own name.

Karl Marx

Observed power structures in society. the conflict theory is modeled by his work. He developed Marxism. a social, political and economic philosophy that analyses the impact of the ruling class on the labours , leading to uneven distribution of wealth and privileges in the society. It stimulates the workers to protest the injustices

Talcott parsons

• Responsible for developing the structural-functionalist school of thought in the United States, Parsons examined social behavior as a single entity or mass.

• He believed that all social relationships could be explained through their function in society

C. wright mills

Wright-Mills believed people are impacted by the creations of social structures, and the usual result is a differential of power between the “elite  ” and the “others “

Auguste come

• First to use the term sociology who defined it as the systematic study of society.

• He believed that society is constantly changing and individuals and groups struggle to adapt to these changes. 

• Created three stages of societal development, each characterized by different modes of thought and knowledge

Emile Durkheim

• French sociologist influenced by Comte, formally established sociology as an academic discipline.

• He believed society has needs and institutions exist to fulfill those needs.

Charles Cooley

• primary group -  set of people with whom an individual has strong emotional and personal connections (typically includes family and friends)

• glass-looking self - how the individual’s sense of self is mirrored and reflected by others.

Max Weber

• theory of rationalization

• analysis of bureaucracy

• theory of rationalization, which explores the increasing role of efficiency and instrumental reasoning in modern societies, alongside his analysis of bureaucracy as a dominant form of organization characterized by hierarchical authority and written rules, yet potentially restricting individual freedom.

Chicago school

• This school furthered the development of the symbolic interactionist approach.

• Looks at how physical environment and social structures determine individual behaviour .

• Relies on participant observation to study society focused on how a community shapes how people act and behaves

George Herbert mead

• added details about the importance of symboles langues and communication ,in human relationships.

• Like Cooley, Mead believed people develop their self-image through their interactions with others.