Chapter 30: Recognizing and Identifying the Hazards Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering hazardous material identification, container types, marking systems, and routes of exposure based on Chapter 30.

Incident Action Plan (IAP)

An oral or written plan containing the incident objectives reflecting the overall strategy for managing the incident.

SIN

An acronym representing Safety, Isolate, and Notify, which helps formulate a plan for addressing a hazardous materials incident.

EH&S department

Environmental Health and Safety department; key personnel to locate early in a chemical incident at a fixed facility.

Nonintervention or Defensive Mode

The modes in which an Incident Action Plan (IAP) should be carried out by awareness-level personnel to ensure safety.

Container

A receptacle, piping, or pipeline used for storing or transporting material of any kind.

Bungs

Small openings in a closed-head drum that can only be removed with a specific wrench.

Closed-head drum

A storage vessel with a permanently attached lid containing one or more small openings called bungs.

Open-head drum

A storage vessel with a removable lid secured by a ring, clasp, or bolt, typically containing products in solid form.

Carboy

A glass, plastic, or steel container holding $5$ to $15$ gallons of product, often protected by wood or foam boxes.

Cylinder

A container with a circular cross-section designed to store liquids or gases under pressure higher than $40\,psi$.

BLEVE

Boiling liquid/expanding vapor explosion; occurs when pressurized liquified materials (like propane) are exposed to high heat.

Dewar container

A cylinder-type container designed to hold cryogenic liquids (cryogens) at low temperatures.

Cryogens

Substances such as oxygen, helium, hydrogen, argon, and nitrogen that are in gas form at normal atmospheric conditions but are kept as liquids at very low temperatures.

Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

Documents providing basic information about chemical makeup, potential hazards, and appropriate first aid for substances.

NFPA 704 Marking System

A diamond-shaped symbol divided into four smaller diamonds (blue, red, yellow, and white) using a numerical rating from $0$ to $4$ to identify hazardous materials.

NFPA 704 Blue Diamond

The section of the NFPA symbol located at the 9 o’clock position indicating health hazards.

NFPA 704 Red Diamond

The section of the NFPA symbol located at the 12 o’clock position indicating flammability.

NFPA 704 Yellow Diamond

The section of the NFPA symbol located at the 3 o’clock position indicating reactivity.

NFPA 704 White Diamond

The section of the NFPA symbol located at the 6 o’clock position representing special hazards like $W$, $OX$, and $SA$.

Hazardous Materials Information Systems (HMIS)

A color-coded marking system using horizontal columns and numerical ratings, primarily intended for facility employees to specify needed PPE.

Military Division 1 Hazard

Mass detonation hazards, identified by a $1$ inside an orange octagon.

Military Division 2 Hazard

Explosion-with-fragment hazards, identified by a $2$ inside an orange X.

Military Division 3 Hazard

Mass fire hazards, identified by a $3$ inside an inverted orange triangle.

Military Division 4 Hazard

Moderate fire hazards, identified by a $4$ inside an orange diamond.

Bill of lading

Shipping papers for road and highway transportation, located in the cab of the vehicle.

Waybill

Shipping papers specifically for railroad transport.

Consist / Train List

A list of the contents in every car on a train.

Packaging Group I

A designation for shipping materials that pose a high danger.

Dangerous cargo manifest

Shipping papers for marine vessels, usually kept in a tube-like container in the wheelhouse.

Air bill

Shipping papers for air transport, kept in the cockpit of the aircraft.

Placards

Diamond-shaped indicators placed on all four sides of transportation vehicles to identify the hazard inside.

1000-pound rule

The DOT requirement that a certain amount of hazardous material (typically over $1000$ pounds) must be present before a placard is required.

ERG Yellow Section

The section of the Emergency Response Guidebook where chemicals are listed numerically by their four-digit UN number.

ERG Blue Section

The section of the Emergency Response Guidebook where chemicals are listed alphabetically by name.

ERG Orange Section

The section of the Emergency Response Guidebook that describes hazards and basic emergency actions organized by guide number.

ERG Green Section

The section of the Emergency Response Guidebook listing extremely hazardous materials and their initial isolation distances.

Inhalation

The route of entry where harmful substances enter the body through the respiratory system (lungs).

Absorption

The route of entry where substances travel through body tissues (skin, eyes, nose, mouth) until they reach the bloodstream.

Ingestion

The route of entry where chemicals are brought into the body through the gastrointestinal tract.

Injection

The route of entry where chemicals are brought into the body through open cuts, abrasions, or breaches in the skin.

Infectious

A term for a pathogenic microorganism capable of causing illness.

Contagious

A term for an illness that can be passed from one person to another.