Chapter 12- Patterns of Inheritance

What is a monohybrid cross used for?

To study only two variations of a single trait.

What does Fi represent in Mendelian genetics?

The first filial generation, or the offspring produced by crossing two true-breeding strains.

What ratio did Mendel observe for dominant and recessive traits in the F2 generation?

A 3:1 ratio for phenotypes.

What are the three genotypes represented in the F2 generation?

1 true-breeding dominant, 2 not true-breeding dominant, and 1 true-breeding recessive.

What is a phenotype?

The observable expression of the genes present in an organism.

What principle states that two alleles for a gene segregate during gamete formation?

The Principle of Segregation.

What type of organism has two identical alleles for a given trait?

A homozygous organism.

What is the phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross?

9:3:3:1 ratio.

Define an allele.

An alternative form of a gene.

What does the Principle of Independent Assortment state?

The alleles of each gene assort independently during gamete formation.