Modalities - Compression

The functions of compression include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Control of peripheral edema
b. Prevention of deep venous thrombosis formation
c. Limb shaping after amputation
d. Facilitate the healing of ulcers caused by arterial insufficiency

d. Facilitate the healing of ulcers caused by arterial insufficiency

Which is the appropriate ranking for efficacy in reducing edema?

a. Static compression > intermittent compression > sequential compression
b. Sequential compression > intermittent compression > static compression
c. Static compression > sequential compression > intermittent compression
d. Intermittent compression > static compression > sequential compression

b. Sequential compression > intermittent compression > static compression

Which of the following is the correct sequence of lymphatic fluid flow?

a. From the veins to the lymphatic capillaries to the interstitial space to the subclavian veins
back to the venous circulation
b. From the veins to the subclavian veins to the interstitial space to the lymphatic
capillaries back to the venous circulation
c. From the veins to the interstitial space to the lymphatic capillaries to the subclavian
veins back to the venous circulation
d. From the veins to the interstitial space to the subclavian veins to the lymphatic
capillaries back to the venous circulation

c. From the veins to the interstitial space to the lymphatic capillaries to the subclavian
veins back to the venous circulation

Which of the following may result in edema?

a. Increased extravasation of fluid into the interstitial space
b. Reduced flow of venous blood
c. Reduced flow of lymph back toward the heart
d. All of the above

d. All of the above

In the lymphatic vessels and the veins:

a. Forward fluid flow is propelled primarily by valves within the vessels and back flow of
fluid is prevented by muscle contractions
b. Forward fluid flow is prevented primarily by muscle contractions and back flow of fluid
is propelled by valves within the vessels
c. Forward fluid flow is prevented by valves within the vessels and back flow of fluid is
propelled primarily by muscle contractions
d. Forward fluid flow is propelled primarily by muscle contractions and back flow of
fluid is prevented by valves within the vessels

d. Forward fluid flow is propelled primarily by muscle contractions and back flow of
fluid is prevented by valves within the vessels

Lymphedema may be caused any of the following EXCEPT:

a. Hypoproteinemia
b. Thrombophlebitis
c. Mechanical obstruction of the lymphatics
d. Abnormal distribution of the lymphatic vessels

b. Thrombophlebitis

Lymphedema from secondary causes include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Milroy’s disease
b. Obstruction by a tumor
c. Removal of lymph nodes
d. Obstruction by inflammation

a. Milroy’s disease

The potential adverse consequences of edema include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Subcutaneous tissue fibrosis
b. Contractures and deformities
c. Increased risk of infection
d. Joint hypermobility

d. Joint hypermobility

Compression reduces edema by:

a. Increasing extravascular hydrostatic pressure and circulation
b. Decreasing osmotic pressure
c. Causing negative interstitial pressure, thus expanding diameter of the lumen of veins
d. Improving valve closure in veins and lymphatic vessels

a. Increasing extravascular hydrostatic pressure and circulation

Deep vein thrombosis formation is most common in:

a. Very active patients after an endurance event
b. Immobilized patients after surgery
c. Patients with arterial insufficiency
d. Patients with lymphedema

b. Immobilized patients after surgery

Compression garments used to minimize hypertrophic scarring should provide a minimum
of:

a. 5 to 10 mm Hg of pressure
b. 20 to 30 mm Hg of pressure
c. 30 to 50 mm Hg of pressure
d. Greater than 200 mm Hg of pressure

b. 20 to 30 mm Hg of pressure

Common complications of using compression garments to control hypertrophic scarring
include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Lymphedema
b. Skin irritation
c. Constriction of circulation
d. Restriction of joint motion

a. Lymphedema

Identify the correct combination.

a. Highly extensible bandage: High working pressure. High stretch bandage: low resting
pressure
b. Highly extensible bandage: Low resting pressure. Low stretch bandage: High working
pressure
c. Highly extensible bandage: High resting pressure. Low stretch bandage: High
working pressure
d. Highly extensible bandage: High resting pressure. High stretch bandage: High working
pressure

c. Highly extensible bandage: High resting pressure. Low stretch bandage: High
working pressure

To modify scar formation, compression garments should be worn:

a. All day but not at night when sleeping
b. For 6 to 8 hours a day
c. At night when sleeping but not during the day
d. 24 hours a day, except when bathing

d. 24 hours a day, except when bathing

When should compression garments be replaced?

a. About every 6 months
b. When there is a change in limb size
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b because garments are highly rigid and can be adjusted to accommodate
changes in limb size

c. Both a and b

When applying intermittent compression pumps to reduce or prevent edema, the therapist
should do all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Cover open wounds with gauze or appropriate dressing
b. Measure and record blood pressure
c. Measure and record limb circumference before and after treatment
d. Select a compression sleeve just sufficient to cover the edematous or involved section
of limb

d. Select a compression sleeve just sufficient to cover the edematous or involved section
of limb

For treatment of edema and venous stasis ulcers with intermittent compression pumps,
inflation time is generally:

a. Greater than deflation time
b. Equal to deflation time
c. Less than deflation time
d. Dependent on the amount of edema

a. Greater than deflation time

Compression with less than 30 mm Hg of force is recommended:

a. To prevent deep vein thrombosis formation in an ambulatory patient
b. To prevent fibrotic edema related to lymphedema
c. To promote healing of venous stasis ulcers
d. To prevent deep vein thrombosis formation in a bed-bound patient

d. To prevent deep vein thrombosis formation in a bed-bound patient