Emotions for Survival

Emotions

evolutionary derived functional states that may trigger somatic, behavioral, hormonal, or neurochemical reactions

Arousal

physiological readiness that prepares us to react

Valence

subjective fealing (positive or negative)

Terkel Dodson law

performance increases with arousal but only up to the point where arousal becomes too high

Fear

felt in the presence of danger

Anger

a state of frustration

Seeking

a compulsion to meet survival needs (goal directed)

Social Bonding

well being in presence of others

Unconditioned

innate, no learning

Conditioned

learned through experience

True or False: unconditioned fear requires no previous experience to elicit a response

TRUE

What is the fera pathway in the brain?

Output from amygdala → hypothalamus → SNS and periaqueductal grey in midbrain

What is the primary ascending pathway for pain?

spinothalamic tract

A painful stimulus is processed in the _______ before the cortex

amygdala

A neutral stimuli is processed in the _______

cortex

Counterconditioning

reverse the emotional response by conditioning a new association

Systematic desensitization

extinction of emotional response via gradual exposure

Extinction

repeated presentation of stimulus without response

Fear requires what three parts of the brain:

• cerebrum (amygdala)

• Diencephalon (hypothalamus)

• PAG (midbrain)

True or False: The anger pathway is similar to the fear pathwau

TRUE

Both fear and anger are attenuated by ______ and _______

opioids and serotonin

Aggression

forceful action especially when intended to dominate or master

What should always be R/O before behavior therapy?

Undiagnosed pain

The seeking system requires the:

• hypothalamus

• Cerebral cortex

• Midbrain

  • Dopamine and norepinephrine neurons

Effect of dopamine is ______ on cerebral cortex

forward motion

Effect of norepinephrine is ________ on cerebral cortex

general arousal

What parts of the brain are required for bonding?

• hypothalamus releases oxytocin to the midbrain to promote grooming

Social isolation promotes activity in _____

CRH