Organic I - addition/elimination reactions with carbonyls

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Last updated 5:18 PM on 4/7/26
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5 Terms

1
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How can acetals be formed from hemiacetals?

  • Acidic conditions

  • Excess of alcohol

2
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What intermediate species is formed during acetal formation?

Oxonium ion (C=O+—R)

3
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How can product formation be favoured in acetal formation?

Removing water encourages the equilibrium to form more product

4
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What catalyst is used for acetal formation?

Dry HCl gas (H+ generator)

5
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What conditions allow acetal hydrolysis?

Dilute aqueous acid (HCl + H2O)