o chem exam 2

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Last updated 8:24 PM on 4/28/26
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24 Terms

1
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dehydrohalogenation

Reactant: alkyl halide

Reagent: strong base

product: alkene

<p>product: alkene</p>
2
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dehydration

reactant: alcohol

reagent: H2SO4

product: alkene

<p>product: alkene</p>
3
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halogenation

reactant: alkene

reagent: Br2 or Cl2

product: each carbon gets 1 halogen

<p>product: each carbon gets 1 halogen</p>
4
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halohydrin reactant: alkene

reagent: Br2 or Cl2 with H2O

product: halohydrin (adding a halogen and a hydroxyl group to adjacent carbons)

<p>product: halohydrin (<span>adding a halogen and a hydroxyl group to adjacent carbons)</span></p>
5
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hydration (acid catalyzed)

reactant: alkene

reagent: H3O+

product: alcohol

<p></p><p>product: alcohol</p><p></p>
6
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oxymercuration-demurcuration

reactant: alkene

reagent: Hg(OAc)2/THF/H2O then NaBH4

product: alcohol

<p></p><p>product: alcohol</p>
7
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hydroboration-oxidation

reactant: alkene

reagent: 1. BH3 THF 2. H2O2, OH-

product: alcohol

<p></p><p>product: alcohol</p>
8
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hydrogenation (reduction)

reactant: alkene

reagent: H2 and metal (PtO2 or Pd/C)

product: alkane

<p></p><p>product: alkane</p>
9
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oxidation (mCPBA)

reactant: alkene

reagent: mCPBA

product: Epoxide (has 3-membered ring with O)

<p></p><p>product: Epoxide (has 3-membered ring with O)</p>
10
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epoxide ring opening

reactant: epoxide

reagent: acid or base (probably H3O+)

]

product: trans-diol

<p>]</p><p>product: trans-diol</p>
11
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synthesis of cis-diols

reactant: alkene

reagent: 1. OsO₄ or KMnO₄(NMO) 2. NaHSO3

product: 2 OH (same side)

<p></p><p>product: 2 OH (same side)</p><p></p>
12
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ozonolysis

reactant: alkene

reagent: O₃ → Zn or H3O+

product: carbonyl compounds

<p></p><p>product: carbonyl compounds</p>
13
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KMnO4

reactant: alkene

reagent: KMnO4

product: cis-diol

<p></p><p>product: cis-diol</p>
14
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addition of alkynes (HX)

reactant: alkyne

reagent: H-X (x can be Br)

product: alkene

<p></p><p>product: alkene</p>
15
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addition of alkynes (X2)

reactant: alkyne

reagent: X2 (Br2)

product: alkane

<p></p><p>product: alkane</p>
16
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lindlar’s catalyst

reactant: alkyne

reagent: H2 and Lindlar’s Catalyst

product: cis-alkene

<p></p><p>product: cis-alkene</p>
17
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H2 , Pd/C reduction for alkynes

reactant: alkyne

reagent: H2 , Pd/C

product: alkane

<p></p><p>product: alkane</p>
18
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Na or Li in NH3

reactant: alkyne

reagent: Na or Li, NH3

product: trans-alkene

<p></p><p>product: trans-alkene</p>
19
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acidity for alkynes

reactant: terminal alkyne (triple bond at end)

reagent: strong base (NaNH2

product: acetylide anion (nucleophile)

<p></p><p>product: acetylide anion (nucleophile)</p>
20
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initiation (free radical halogenation for organohalides)

reactant: X2 (Cl2 or Br2)

reagent: hV(light)

product: 2X•

<p></p><p>product: 2X•</p><p></p>
21
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propagation (free radical halogenation for organohalides)

reactant: Alkane + X• (Br or Cl)

product: haloalkane and HCl as side product

<p></p><p>product: haloalkane and HCl as side product</p><p></p>
22
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termination (free radial halogenation or organohalides)

reactant: radicals

products: stable product (halogenated)

<p></p><p>products: stable product (halogenated)</p>
23
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synthesis of alkyl halides from alkenes

reactant: alkene

reagent: NBS, hJ(light)

product: allylic bromide

allylic means C next to double bond

<p></p><p>product: allylic bromide</p><p>allylic means C next to double bond</p><p></p>
24
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prepare alkyl halides from alcohols

reactant: alcohol

reagent: PBr3, X, HX (X=Br or Cl)

product: alkyl halide

<p></p><p>product: alkyl halide</p>