Anatomy Quiz 5: Key Terms Related to the Spinal Cord, Neck/Back, and Thoracic Cage

spinal cord

spinal nerves

cervical enlargement

C4-T1: serves upper limbs

lumbosacral enlargement

T11-S1: lower limbs

medullary cone

roots from the ______ travel within the lumbar cistern of CSF

Terminal filum

ending of the pia mater: vestigial remnant of caudal part of spinal cord

thoracic nerves

12 pairs

cervical nerves

8 pairs

lumbar nerves

5 pairs

sacral nerves

5 pairs

coccygeal nerve

1 pair

epidural space

adipose tissue

dura mater

subarachnoid space

lumbar cistern

subarachnoid space inferior to medullary cone that contains cauda equina and CSF

anterior spinal artery

Paired posterior spinal arteries

#1

dorsal horns

ventral horns

lateral horn

ventral column

dorsal column

lateral column

central canal

rootlets

dorsal root ganglion

dorsal ramus

back

ventral ramus

intercostal nerves

anulus fibrosus of intervertebral disc

forms outer fibrous ring

nucleus pulposa

B

gelatinous central mass (can bulge out (herniated disks))

vertebral canal

contains the spinal cord

anterior longitudinal ligament

prevents hyperextension

only disk that limits extension

posterior longitudinal ligament

intervertebral discs

trapezius

elevate, retract and rotate scapula - CNXI

latissimus dorsi

extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus - thoracodorsal nerve

allows you to do pull ups

levator scapulae

elevates scapula - dorsal scapular nerves

rhomboids

retract scapula - dorsal scapular nerves

serratus posterior superior

deep to rhomboids

elevate ribs during forced INSPIRATION

innervated by first four INTERCOSTAL NERVES

serratus posterior inferior

deep to latissimus dorsi

depress ribs during forced expiration

innervated by inferior by last four INTERCOSTAL NERVES

splenius cervicis

attaches to cervical vertebrae

splenius capitis

attaches to mastoid process

Illiocoastalis

lateral

longissimus

intermediate

spinalis

medial

semispinalis

semispinalis capitis

rotatores

the deepest of the transversospinalis msucles, which are fully developed only in the thoracic region, originate from the base of transverse processes and insert at the base of more superior spinous processes

ONLY ROTATE

hyoid bone

thyroid cartilage

scalenes

accessory inspiration

transverse cervical artery

artery in LCR

subclavian artery

transverse artery is first part of _______. supplies trapezius and brachial plexus

runs superficially and laterally across anterior scalene

External jugular vein

crosses the SCM obliquely, deep to platysma and terminates in subclavian vein

brachial plexus

appear between anterior and middle scalene muscles

innervation to most upper limb

cervical plexus

Anterior rami of C1-C4 make up roots (spaghetti bowl)

phrenic nerve

comes off of spaghetti bowl (B)

ansa cervicalis

comes off as a loop (A)

supply the infrahyoid muscles (omohyoid, sternothyroid, sternohyoid)

mylohyoid

geniohyoid

deep to mylohyoid

stylohyoid

thin; looks like a fiber

digastric muscle

2 muscle bellies

pulley system

sternohyoid

omohyoid

Sternothyroid

Thyrohyoid

common carotid

external carotid artery

internal carotid artery

internal jugular vein

deep to SCM (external crosses superficially)

merges with subclavian to form brachiocephalic vein

longus colli

larynx

trachea

thyroid cartilage

cricoid cartilage

full cartilaginous ring

epiglottic cartilage

arytenoid cartilage

corniculate cartilage

laryngeal prominence

Adam's apple

aryepiglottic folds

vocal ligament

pharynx

Esophagus

nasopharynx

oropharynx

laryngeopharynx

communicating rami

intervertebral foramina

sternocleidomastoid

anterior scalene

external jugular vein

middle scalene

submandibular gland

sternothyroid

Longus capitis

Splenius capitis

parathyroid gland

vocal folds

sternum