Chemistry - Chapter 7 Vocabulary

Harry Hwong

Aqueous solution

A solution in which waster is the solvent

Covalent network solids

Solids consisting of networks of atoms held together by covalent bonds; they are very hard and tend to have the highest melting points of all solids

Deposition

The changing from a gas directly to a solid without passing through the liquid state

Electrolyte

A compound that conducts electric current when dissolved in an aqueous solution or in the molten state

Hypoxic zones

Areas in the ocean where the oxygen concentration is so low that animal life suffocates

Ionic solids

An electrostatic attraction that holds oppositely charged ions together

Metallic solids

The electrostatic attraction between the free-floating valence electrons and the positively charged metal cations

Molecular solids

Solids held together by the relatively weak dipole-dipole intermolecular forces; tend to be soft and have low melting points

Solubility

The amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specified temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution

Solute

The dissolved particles; usually ions, but also polar molecules

Solvent

The dissolving medium in any solution

Sublimation

The changing from a solid directly to a gas

Surface tension

An inward force that tends to minimize the surface area of a liquid

Surfactant

A substance that reduce surface tension

Vapor pressure

A measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid in a sealed container; a dynamic equilibrium exists between the vapor and the liquid