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1900 - 1914
British 2 power standard adopted in 1889
Early 1900’s saw adoption of submarines
Expectations were for fleets to engage at long distance
1914 - 1918 Major engagements
North sea - Jutland
German commerce raids
Baltic
Mediterranean
1914 - 1918 Changes
Increased use of wireless
Naval aviation
Aircraft carriers
Widespread use of submarines for interdiction
SWW engagements
Atlantic - U-boats, code breaking, airpower
Pacific - Carriers at Pearl Harbour and Midway
SWW limitations
1919 - Treaty of Versailles
1922 - Washington Treaty
1930 - 1st London Naval Treaty
1935 - 2nd London Naval Treaty
U-boats in FWW
373 constructed
178 lost to enemy action
Submerged to hide and often attacked merchant ships on the surface
Unrestricted warfare in 1915 and 1917/18
U-boats in SWW
Rebuilding fleet in 1930’s
1939-1941 = First Happy Time
Jan - Aug 1942 = Second Happy Time
Countermeasures and code breaking