Royal Observatory, Greenwich - Restoration England, 1660–1685

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding the Royal Observatory in Greenwich and its significance in Restoration England, aimed at helping students understand the historical context and functions of the observatory.

What was the purpose of the Royal Observatory at Greenwich?

To help find an astronomical solution to calculating longitude at sea, making navigation more reliable and trade routes more profitable.

Who commissioned the Royal Observatory?

Charles II commissioned the Royal Observatory in 1675.

What were the key focuses of the historic environment study regarding the Royal Observatory?

The relationship between the site and key events, features, or developments of the period studied.

What historical period does the Royal Observatory relate to in this context?

Restoration England, specifically from 1660 to 1685.

What significant events was Charles II connected with in terms of science and culture?

He supported scientific enquiry and the establishment of the Royal Society.

Who designed the Royal Observatory?

Christopher Wren, with assistance from Robert Hooke and Jonas Moore.

What was John Flamsteed's role at the Royal Observatory?

He was appointed as the first Astronomer Royal responsible for making astronomical observations and calculations.

What problem did the Royal Observatory aim to solve?

The longitude problem, crucial for accurate navigation at sea.

How did sailors navigate before accurate longitude measurements?

They relied on 'dead reckoning' which involved keeping close to the coast and using landmarks for navigation.

What method was proposed by Johann Werner to determine longitude?

The lunar-distance method, measuring the Moon's position relative to stars and comparing it to an almanac.