Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnostics, and treatments of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) based on lecture notes.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

An autoimmune disease where the body produces autoantibodies (ANA), forming immune complexes that deposit in tissues and cause inflammation and damage to multiple organs.

Butterfly (malar) rash

A classic skin manifestation of SLE appearing across the bridge of the nose and cheeks.

Lupus nephritis

A big priority system involvement in SLE characterized by proteinuria and hematuria, which can lead to kidney failure.

ANA positive

The initial laboratory screening test for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Anti-dsDNA

A high-yield laboratory diagnostic test that is more specific for SLE than a general ANA screen.

Anti-Smith antibodies

Specific antibodies found in laboratory diagnostics that are used to identify SLE.

Complement levels in SLE

Laboratory findings typically show $\downarrow$ complement levels in patients with active disease.

Hematologic manifestations of SLE

Includes anemia, leukopenia (low WBC), and thrombocytopenia (low platelets).

Hydroxychloroquine

A very important medication for controlling SLE disease progression that requires regular eye exams due to potential retinal toxicity.

Corticosteroids (prednisone)

Medications used to decrease inflammation fast in SLE, though they increase infection risk and can cause hyperglycemia.

Photosensitivity

A common skin symptom in SLE where triggers like sun exposure (UV light) cause reactions or flares.

Non-erosive arthritis

A musculoskeletal symptom of SLE characterized by joint pain without permanent bone destruction.

Pleuritis and Pericarditis

Common cardiac and respiratory manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Proteinuria

The presence of protein in the urine; an NCLEX priority sign indicating kidney involvement and potential organ damage.

Immunosuppressants (e.g., Methotrexate, azathioprine)

Medications used for severe SLE that pose a significant risk for infection.

SLE Client Teaching: Skin Protection

Instructions to avoid sunlight, use sunscreen daily, and wear skin protection to prevent triggers.

SLE Priority Assessment: Fever

An assessment finding that is a major worry because it suggests infection, particularly for patients on immunosuppression.

Lupus triggers

External factors including sun exposure (UV light), infection, and stress that can cause disease flares.