Chapt. 11 - Part I

•Nervous system receives _____ from the internal and external environment, _____ it, and _____ it into a selected response

stimuli….interprets it…..& integrates it

CNS has two parts & PNS has two parts:

brain & spinal cord v.s cranial & spinal nerves

3 facts about the Sensorimotor Region

•Midline of the brain

•Motor neurons descend down to spinal cord

•Sensory neurons arrive up from the spinal cord

List & define the 4 adrenergic receptors

•Alpha-1 receptors: constrict blood vessels

•Alpha-2 receptors: negative feedback to stop neurotransmitter release

•Beta-1 receptors: speed and strengthen heart

•Beta-2 receptors: bronchodilation

_______ is the neurotransmitter for the parasympathetic nervous system and motor neurons.

Acetylcholine

What 2 things attach to cholinergic receptors:

•Nicotinic receptors: excite skeletal muscle cells

•Muscarinic receptors: slow heart, stimulate GI tract, vasodilate

What are the functioning cells of the nervous system?

neurons

What type of cells form myelin (“white matter”)?

Schwann cells

Name 3 types of neurons:

-sensory (afferent)

-motor (efferent)

-interneurons

What do sensory (afferent) neurons do?

Transmit impulses to the spinal cord and brain

What do motor (efferent) neurons do?

Transmit impulses away from the spinal cord and brain to the muscles and glands

What do interneurons neurons do?

•Transmit impulses from sensory to motor neurons & they’re also called “connecting” neurons

In the PNS::What do Schwann cells form?

forms myelin that wraps around axons

In the PNS:: What do Satellite cells separate?

separate nervous cells from supporting tissue and protects the cell body from the diffusion of large molecules

In the CNS:: what does the Oligodendroglia do?

myelinating cells that increase the velocity of nerve conduction

What does Astroglia do?

regulate ion content in intercellular fluid

Where are Ependymal cells locate?

lines the neutral tube cavity

What does Microglia do?

phagocytes that clean up after cell death or infection

Define Nerves & what their covered by:

Group of nerve fibers (axons) bundled together like strands of a cable, covered by connective tissue

Neurons secrete two things::

neurotransmitters & neuromodulators

Name 3 different neurotransmitters

•Amino acids

•Peptides

•Monoamines

Neuromodulators that attach to receptors, change their response. (T/F)

true

General Organization of the Nervous System begins as _____ & then transforms into ____.

a hollow tube…the brain