Solid Waste Management and Collection Systems

These flashcards cover key concepts in solid waste management, types of wastes, collection systems, and safety in the industry.

What are special wastes included in solid waste management?

Medical wastes, animal wastes, waste oil, old tires.

Define medical waste.

Any waste created in diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of humans or animals.

What should be provided where waste is stored?

An adequate number of storage containers.

What is the most common collection method for solid waste in low-rise apartments?

Curbside pickup.

What type of containers are commonly used in high-rise buildings for commingled waste?

Basement garbage rooms or chute systems.

How are commercial wastes typically stored?

In bulk containers or solid waste bins.

What is collected by special trucks built for mixed household wastes?

Recyclables, either with mixed waste or separately.

How is yard waste typically collected?

With household waste or in a dedicated vehicle.

Define the frequency of solid waste collection in residential areas during warm months.

Twice a week.

Which wastes are collected periodically by the community?

Household hazardous wastes.

How much of the total cost of solid waste management is attributed to collection?

About 60 to 75 percent.

What is a Hauled container system?

A collection system where containers for waste storage are hauled to a facility for emptying.

What types of vehicles are used in hauled container systems?

Hoist trucks and tilt-frame vehicles.

What characterizes stationary container systems (SCSs)?

Containers remain at the point of generation and are emptied at other locations.

What is the major application of manual loading collection vehicles?

Collection of residential source-separated and commingled wastes.

What are the personnel requirements in hauled container systems?

Typically a single collector-driver; sometimes a helper for safety.

How high is the injury frequency for solid waste management workers compared to other industries?

Approximately 10 times the national average.

What has the expansion of urban areas led to in terms of solid waste disposal sites?

Fewer acceptable solid waste disposal sites.

What is the purpose of a transfer station?

To transfer waste from collection vehicles to large transport trucks.

What is the ideal location for a transfer station?

At the centroid of the collection service area.

What two types of transfer stations are there?

Direct load and storage load.

How is waste managed at direct-load transfer stations?

Filled directly into transport vehicles or compaction facilities.

What is surge capacity?

The volume of waste that can be temporarily stored at a transfer station.

What is the collection frequency for solid waste in business districts?

Daily, except Sundays.

What are the issues caused by improper solid waste management?

Spilling, pollution of ground, attraction of pests like flies and rats.

What is the significance of automated arms in waste collection?

Used for handling heavy large containers.

What is the method of collection for bulky items?

Collected on an as-needed basis.

What kind of areas should commercial waste containers be located in?

Lighted open areas with hard, cleanable surfaces.

Name one type of waste collected separately from residential waste and its method of collection.

Household hazardous wastes, collected periodically by the community.

What is the method of residential collection in areas with inaccessible pick-up points?

Manual loading methods.

What two types of loading collection vehicles are distinguished in stationary container systems?

Manually loaded and mechanically loaded.

What impacts the frequency of refuse collection in a municipality?

Quantity of solid waste, time of year, and socioeconomic status.

What is the common gross weight range for buildings with waste chutes?

Normal to heavy-duty designs.

When is the most common time for bulky waste collection?

As needed.

What is the purpose of using pull-out containers in commercial waste management?

To facilitate straightforward removal and cleaning.

What are the size ranges of containers for hoist trucks?

2 to 12 yd³ (1.5 to 10 m³).

What collection method is often used for construction and demolition wastes?

Roll-off stationary containers.

In what instances are collection systems classified?

Mode of operation, equipment used, and types of wastes collected.

What is indicated by the term 'commingled wastes'?

Various types of recyclables mixed together for collection.

How does temperature affect the solid waste collection frequency?

Higher temperatures can necessitate more frequent collection.

What is one common method for dealing with litter in residential areas?

Manual collection.