M6: Microbiology, Parasitology, and Public Health - Parasitology - Part 2

Intestinal nematodes:

I. Enterobius vermicularis

II. Trichuris trichiuria

III. Ascaris lumbricoides

IV. Ancyclostoma duodenale

V. Necator americanus

VI. Strongyloides stercoralis

VII. Trichinella spiralis

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII

b. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

c. II, III, IV, V, VI, VII

d. I, II, III, IV, VII

e. I, IV, V, VI, VII

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII

Causes pinworm infection.

a. Enterobius vermicularis

b. Trichuris trichiuria

c. Ascaris lumbricoides

d. Ancyclostoma duodenale

a. Enterobius vermicularis

Causes noctunal pruritus ani and pseudoappendicitis.

a. Enterobius vermicularis

b. Trichuris trichiuria

c. Ascaris lumbricoides

d. Ancyclostoma duodenale

a. Enterobius vermicularis

Causes whipworm infection which has barrel shaped eggs.

a. Enterobius vermicularis

b. Trichuris trichiuria

c. Ascaris lumbricoides

d. Ancyclostoma duodenale

b. Trichuris trichiuria

Causes roundworm infection presented as pneumonitis.

a. Enterobius vermicularis

b. Trichuris trichiuria

c. Ascaris lumbricoides

d. Ancyclostoma duodenale

c. Ascaris lumbricoides

Causes old world hookworm infection presented as cutaneous larva migrans, pneumonitis, and iron deficiency anemia.

a. Enterobius vermicularis

b. Trichuris trichiuria

c. Ascaris lumbricoides

d. Ancyclostoma duodenale

d. Ancyclostoma duodenale

Causes trichinosis (trichinellosis).

a. Necator americanus

b. Strongyloides stercoralis

c. Trichinella spiralis

c. Trichinella spiralis

Causes threadworm infection.

a. Necator americanus

b. Strongyloides stercoralis

c. Trichinella spiralis

b. Strongyloides stercoralis

Causes new world hookworm infection.

a. Necator americanus

b. Strongyloides stercoralis

c. Trichinella spiralis

d. Capillaria philippinensis

a. Necator americanus

Acquired by ingestion of the fish bagsit.

a. Necator americanus

b. Strongyloides stercoralis

c. Trichinella spiralis

d. Capillaria philippinensis

d. Capillaria philippinensis

Treatment for pinworm infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Mebendazole

d. Ivermectin

b. Pyrantel pamoate

Treatment for whipworm infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Mebendazole

d. Ivermectin

c. Mebendazole

Treatment for roundworm infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Mebendazole

d. Ivermectin

a. Albendazole

Treatment for old world hookworm infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Mebendazole

d. Ivermectin

a. Albendazole

Treatment for new world hookworm infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Mebendazole

d. Ivermectin

a. Albendazole

Treatment for threadworm infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Mebendazole

d. Ivermectin

d. Ivermectin

Treatment for trichinellosis.

a. Albendazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Mebendazole

d. Ivermectin

e. Thiabendazole

e. Thiabendazole

Intestinal trematodes:

I. Fasciolopsis buski

II. Taenia solium

III. Taenia saginata

IV. Diphyllobotrium latum

a. I, II, III, IV

b. I, II, III

c. II, III, IV

d. I, II

e. III, IV

a. I, II, III, IV

Pork tapeworm

a. Fasciolopsis buski

b. Taenia solium

c. Taenia saginata

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

b. Taenia solium

Beef tapeworm

a. Fasciolopsis buski

b. Taenia solium

c. Taenia saginata

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

c. Taenia saginata

Broad fish tapeworm

a. Fasciolopsis buski

b. Taenia solium

c. Taenia saginata

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

Causes diphyllobotriasis

a. Fasciolopsis buski

b. Taenia solium

c. Taenia saginata

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

Causes taeniasis

a. Fasciolopsis buski

b. Taenia solium

c. Taenia saginata

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

c. Taenia saginata

Causes cysticercosis

a. Fasciolopsis buski

b. Taenia solium

c. Taenia saginata

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

b. Taenia solium

Causes giant human intestinal fluke infection

a. Fasciolopsis buski

b. Taenia solium

c. Taenia saginata

d. Diphyllobotrium latum

a. Fasciolopsis buski

Treatment for intestinal trematodes.

a. Albendazole

b. Praziquantel

c. Metronidazole

d. Ivermectin

b. Praziquantel

Intestinal cestodes.

I. Hymenolepsis nana

II. Dipylidium caninum

III. Echinococcus granulosus

a. I, II, III

b. I, II

c. I, III

d. II, III

b. I, II - Echinococcus granulosus is blood cestode.

Dwarf tapeworm

a. Hymenolepsis nana

b. Dipylidium caninum

a. Hymenolepsis nana

Dog tapeworm

a. Hymenolepsis nana

b. Dipylidium caninum

b. Dipylidium caninum

Treatment for intestinal cestodes.

a. Albendazole

b. Praziquantel

c. Metronidazole

d. Ivermectin

b. Praziquantel

Common blood and tissue nematodes.

I. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

II. Onchocerca volvulus

III. Ancyclostoma caninum

IV. Anisakis complex

V. Toxocara canis

VI. Baylisascaris procyonis

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. II, III, IV, V, VI

d. I, II, III, IV

e. III, IV, V, VI

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

Dog hookworm

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

Whale worm

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

d. Anisakis complex

Dog roundworm

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

e. Toxocara canis

Raccoon roundworm

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

Causes VLM, OLV and NLV

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

Causes VLM, Ocular larva migrans and Neural larva migrans.

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

e. Toxocara canis

Causes visceral larva migrans (anisakiasis)

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

d. Anisakis complex

Causes elephantiasis (lymphatic filariasis)

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

Causes river blindness (onchocerciasis)

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

b. Onchocerca volvulus

Causes cutaneous larva migrans (Creeping eruption)

a. Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi

b. Onchocerca volvulus

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

d. Anisakis complex

e. Toxocara canis

f. Baylisascaris procyonis

c. Ancyclostoma caninum

Treatment for Elephantiasis (lymphatic filariasis)

a. Diethylcarbamazine

b. Ivermectin

c. Albendazole, Ivermectin, topical Thiabendazole

d. Surgical or endoscopic worm removal

e. Albendazole or Mebendazole

f. Albendazole, Mebendazole and Costicosteroids

a. Diethylcarbamazine

Treatment for Cutaneous larva migrans (Creeping eruption)

a. Diethylcarbamazine

b. Ivermectin

c. Albendazole, Ivermectin, topical Thiabendazole

d. Surgical or endoscopic worm removal

e. Albendazole or Mebendazole

f. Albendazole, Mebendazole and Costicosteroids

c. Albendazole, Ivermectin, topical Thiabendazole

Treatment for VLM, Ocular larva migrans and Neural larva migrans

a. Diethylcarbamazine

b. Ivermectin

c. Albendazole, Ivermectin, topical Thiabendazole

d. Surgical or endoscopic worm removal

e. Albendazole or Mebendazole

f. Albendazole, Mebendazole and Costicosteroids

e. Albendazole or Mebendazole

Treatment for Onchocerciasis (river blindness)

a. Diethylcarbamazine

b. Ivermectin

c. Albendazole, Ivermectin, topical Thiabendazole

d. Surgical or endoscopic worm removal

e. Albendazole or Mebendazole

f. Albendazole, Mebendazole and Costicosteroids

b. Ivermectin

Treatment for Visceral larva migrans (anisakiasis)

a. Diethylcarbamazine

b. Ivermectin

c. Albendazole, Ivermectin, topical Thiabendazole

d. Surgical or endoscopic worm removal

e. Albendazole or Mebendazole

f. Albendazole, Mebendazole and Costicosteroids

d. Surgical or endoscopic worm removal

Treatment for VLM, OLV and NLV

a. Diethylcarbamazine

b. Ivermectin

c. Albendazole, Ivermectin, topical Thiabendazole

d. Surgical or endoscopic worm removal

e. Albendazole or Mebendazole

f. Albendazole, Mebendazole and Costicosteroids

f. Albendazole, Mebendazole and Costicosteroids

Common blood and tissue trematodes.

I. Clonorchis sinensis

II. Paragonimus westermani

III. Schistosoma species

IV. Echinococcus granulosus

a. I, II, III, IV

b. I, II, III

c. II, III, IV

d. I, II

e. III, IV

b. I, II, III - Echinococcus granulosus is common blood and tissue CESTODE

Chinese liver fluke

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

d. Fasciola hepatica

a. Clonorchis sinensis

Human lung fluke acquired due to ingestion of crabs.

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

b. Paragonimus westermani

Blood flukes

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

c. Schistosoma species

Giant/sheep liver fluke.

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

d. Fasciola hepatica

d. Fasciola hepatica

Non hermaphroditic flukes always found in copulation and transmitted through penetration of cercaria from snail.

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

d. Fasciola hepatica

c. Schistosoma species

Causes the swimmer's itch and Katayama fever.

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

d. Fasciola hepatica

c. Schistosoma species

Blood flukes

a. S. mansoni

b. S. japonicum

c. S. haematobium

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

f. All

Lateral knob in Kato-Katz smear.

a. S. mansoni

b. S. japonicum

c. S. haematobium

b. S. japonicum

Prominent terminal spine in Kato-Katz smear.

a. S. mansoni

b. S. japonicum

c. S. haematobium

c. S. haematobium

Prominent lateral spine in Kato-Katz smear.

a. S. mansoni

b. S. japonicum

c. S. haematobium

a. S. mansoni

DOC for blood and tissue trematodes.

a. Albendazole

b. Praziquantel

c. Metronidazole

d. Ivermectin

e. Triclabendazole

b. Praziquantel

DOC for Fasciola hepatica.

a. Albendazole

b. Praziquantel

c. Metronidazole

d. Ivermectin

e. Triclabendazole

e. Triclabendazole

Common blood and tissue cestode.

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

d. Echinococcus granulosus

d. Echinococcus granulosus

Dog tapeworm causing hydatid cyst disease.

a. Clonorchis sinensis

b. Paragonimus westermani

c. Schistosoma species

d. Echinococcus granulosus

d. Echinococcus granulosus

DOC for Hydatid cyst disease.

a. Albendazole and surgical removal

b. Praziquantel and surgical removal

c. Metronidazole and surgical removal

d. Ivermectin and surgical removal

a. Albendazole and surgical removal

Bind to the B-tubulin inhibiting microtubule polymerization.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

a. Benzimidazole

Benzimidazole that is the DOC for nematodal round worm infection, cysticercosis, hydatid disease.

a. Albendazole

b. Mebendazole

c. Thiabendazole

a. Albendazole

Benzimidazole that is the DOC for whipworm infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Mebendazole

c. Thiabendazole

b. Mebendazole

Benzimidazole that is the DOC for trichinella infection.

a. Albendazole

b. Mebendazole

c. Thiabendazole

c. Thiabendazole

Neuromuscular blocking agent that causes paralysis of the worm.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

b. Pyrantel pamoate

DOC for pinworm infection.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

b. Pyrantel pamoate

Causes paralysis by blocking acetylcholine at the NMJ.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

c. Piperazine

Immobilizes microfilaria and alters their surface structure making it more susceptible to host defenses.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

d. Diethylcarbamazine

DOC for filariasis.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

d. Diethylcarbamazine

Intensified GABA mediated signals causing flaccid paralysis in worms.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

e. Ivermectin

DOC for onchocerciasis and strongyloides.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

e. Ivermectin

Causes the Mazzotti reaction due ti antigen release by dead parasite manifesting as fever, urticaria, and hypotension.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Diethylcarbamazine

e. Ivermectin

e. Ivermectin

Increase permeability of cell membrane to calcium.

a. Piperazine

b. Diethylcarbamazine

c. Ivermectin

d. Praziquantel

e. Niclosamide

d. Praziquantel

DOC for tapeworms and fluke infections.

a. Piperazine

b. Diethylcarbamazine

c. Ivermectin

d. Praziquantel

e. Niclosamide

d. Praziquantel

Inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, stimulates ATPases.

a. Piperazine

b. Diethylcarbamazine

c. Ivermectin

d. Praziquantel

e. Niclosamide

e. Niclosamide

Alternative agent for fluke and tapeworm infections.

a. Benzimidazole

b. Pyrantel pamoate

c. Piperazine

d. Praziquantel

e. Niclosamide

e. Niclosamide

a. Piperazine

b. Diethylcarbamazine

c. Ivermectin

d. Praziquantel

e. Niclosamide