Phlebotomy State Practice Test #4

What are Fomites?

inanimate objects that can spread disease

What are the steps to the Chain of Infection?

- Source

- Mode of Transmission

- Susceptible Host

What is a Nosocomial Infection?

hospital acquired infection

What are the vectors?

animals that carry pathogens from one host to another

Human skin is always covered with?

bacteria

Blood is the most common source of the spread of

HBV, HCB, HIV

What is Contamination?

the process of becoming unclean

What are Antiseptics?

Chemicals used to clean human skin by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms (e.g., 70% isopropyl alcohol, iodine, chlorhexidine, chlorine, hexachlorophene, chloroxylenol, quaternary ammonium compounds, and triclosan)

What does NPO mean?

nothing by mouth

Which of the following is a suffix?

-oxia

Inflammation of a vein is

phlebitis

CBC is an abbreviation for

complete blood count

What term means muscle pain?

myalgia

The word root "erythro" means

Red

The abbreviation PT stands for

prothrombin time

In the clinical laboratory, the abbreviation CSF is used for

cerebrospinal fluid

In which instance could an electrical shock to a patient most likely occur?

touching electrial equipment while drawing a patient's blood

Which is not true of disinfectants? Disinfectants are

safe to use on human skin

If a health care provider is in an area of the health care facility where a fire starts, she or he should first

pull the lever in the fire alarm box

What are the major principles of self-protection from radiation exposure?

Time, distance, shielding

Primum non nocere comes from the Hippocratic oath and means

First do no harm

What does the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) codeword RACE mean?

rescue, alarm, confine, extinguish

Disinfectants are

chemicals that are used to remove or kill pathogenic microorganisms

If an electrical accident occurs involving electrical shock to an employee or a patient, the first thing that the health care worker should do is

shut off the electrical power

Airborne precautions require the phlebotomist to wear

an N95 respirator

Which of the following is a required characteristic of a sharps container?

Bright red or orange in color or leak proof and puncture-resistant or marked with a biohazard symbol

The first step in giving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is to

determine whether the victim is conscious by gently shaking the victim and yelling, "Are you okay?"

If a chemical is spilled onto a health care worker, she or he should first

rinse the area with water

For safety in the health care facility, which of the following should not occur?

Liquid waste should be discarded rapidly

Mixing equipment from different manufacturers can result in

Improper fit of the needle

Why are gauze pads rather than cotton balls considered a better choice for covering the site while holding pressure following venipucture?

Cotton fibers tend to stick to the site

The evacuated tube system requires

an evacuated sample tube, a plastic adapter, and a double pointed needle

Identify the tubes needed to collect a complete blood count (CBC), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and STAT potassium by color and in the proper order of collection for a multi-tube draw

light blue top, green top, lavender top

An acceptable blood smear

has a feathered uniform edge

For newborns, the penetration depth of lancets for blood collection must be

2.4 mm or less

Blood collected in a red stopper tube

yields serum and clotted red cells

Which of the following is a commonly used intravenous device that is sometimes used in the collection of blood from patients who are difficult to collect blood by conventional methods?

Butterfly needle

What do you do if the patient's physician is in the room and the specimen is ordered STAT?

politely introduce yourself, explain why you are

there, and ask permission to proceed

In which instance is needle recapping recommended?

recapping is never recommended

The following tests have all been ordered at the same time on different inpatients. There is only one phlebotomist on duty. Which test should the phlebotomist collect first?

1. ASAP CBC in oncology

2. Hemoglobin in labor and delivery

3. Timed blood cultures in ICU

4. STAT electrolytes in the emergency room (ER)

STAT electrolytes in the ER

You need to collect blood cultures, a gray top, and a lavender top on an adult with difficult veins. Which specimens can be collected by skin puncture?

gray top and lavender top only

Which of the following is true concerning skin puncture on an infant compared with the dorsal hand venipuncture procedure?

Hemolysis occurs more often

It is not a good idea to collect a CBC specimen from a screaming infant because the

white blood count may be falsely elevated

Why should a laboratory report form indicate the fact that a specimen has been collected by skin puncture?

Because test results may vary depending on the source of specimen

Which of the following analytes is significantly increased in the blood with changes in position?

iron

A vein may collapse because the

Tourniquet is applied too tightly, tourniquet is too close to the venipuncture site or to vacuum it's too much for the size of the vein

You have no choice but to draw a specimen from a site with a hematoma. Where should you obtain the specimen?

Distal to the hematoma

Identification of an inpatient can best be accomplished by which of the following?

number on the hospital bracelet and verbal confirmation from the patient

A phlebotomist has attempted twice to draw a partial thromboplastin time on a patient with difficult veins. Both times the phlebotomist has been able to draw only a partial tube. What should the phlebotomist do?

Have another phlebotomist attempt to draw the specimen

Where should the tourniquet be placed on the patient during the venipuncture procedure?

3 inches above the venipuncture site

You may have to be careful about what type of equipment is brought into the room if a patient is severely allergic to

latex

Excessive or blind probing for a vein can cause

nerve damage

If a blood collection site continues to bleed after 5 minutes

notify the patients physician or nurse

What is the advantage of using a butterfly?

make it easier to draw difficult vein

A vein that feels hard and cord-like and lacks resiliency may be

thrombosed

A blood culture bottle containing 45 mL of media require a 1:10 dilution of specimen. How much blood should be added?

5mL

One teaspoon is approximately

5 milliliters

Your requisition says that a specimen is to be drawn at 1530. What time would that be in 12-hour time?

3:30 pm

What does 2.2 pounds (lb) equal in the metric system?

1 kg

10 cc of blood equals approximately

10 mL of blood

1.2 kg is equal to how many grams?

1200

A test requires 3 mL serum. The laboratory requires that the amount of blood collected be 250% of the volume of specimen required to perform the test. Which size tube should you use to collect the specimen?

10ml

Normal infant blood volume is 100 mL per kilogram. Calculate the approximate blood volume of a baby who weighs 6 lb.

270 mL

To prepare 100 mL of a 1:10 dilution of bleach, add:

10 mL bleach to 90mL water

one inch is equal to how many centimeters

2.54 centimeters

The civilian equivalent of 1448 is

2:48 pm

In the metric system, a millimeter is

1/1000 of a meter

One gallon is equivalent to:

3.78 L

The military equivalent of 10:16 AM is

1016

A patient voids 1200 mL of urine for a creatinine clearance test. How much urine is this?

more than a liter

Which of the following has the highest prevalence of nosocomial infections?

urinary tract infection

The main purpose of an infection control program is to:

prevent the spread of infection in the hospital

Which of the following is an example of an engineering control that helps eliminate hazards posed by bloodborne pathogens?

sharps container

What is the proper way to dispose of laboratory specimens and contaminated supplies, other than sharps, when following BSI?

place in labeled biohazard bags or containers

The manufacturer must supply a material safety data sheet (MSDS) for

isopropyl alcohol

Which of the following is the most important procedure in the prevention of disease transmission in health care institutions?

hand washing

The two organizations responsible for the latest Guideline for Isolation Precautions in Hospitals are the:

CDC and HICPAC

Which of the following is proper neonatal ICU blood drawing procedure?

wear mask, gown, and gloves

Under the new CDC isolation guidelines, the old categories of isolation and disease-specific precautions have been collapsed into three sets of precautions that include

airborne, droplet, contact

Gloves are worn to:

prevent contamination of hands when handling blood or body fluids

A person who has recovered from a particular virus and has developed antibodies against a particular virus is said to be

immune

What precautions are to be used for a patient who has an enteric pathogen?

contact

What is the proper order for putting on protective clothing?

Gown first, then mask, gloves last

What should the phlebotomist do if the outside of a patient specimen tube has blood on it?

Wipe the tube with disinfectant

The most frequently occurring laboratory-acquired infection is:

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

A patient is told that she must remain still during blood collection or she will be restrained. Which tort is involved in this example?

assault

When a health care provider gives aid at an accident, he or she is usually protected through:

implied consent

The definition of a minor is anyone:

Younger than 18 years of age

Unauthorized release of confidential patient information is

invasion of privacy

A patient agrees to undergo treatment after the method, risks, and consequences are explained to him. This is an example of:

informed consent

What is a multi-draw needle used for?

To draw multiple tubes of blood from the same patient during venipuncture

55% of blood is

plasma

A hematoma is defined as:

localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels

What is Hemolysis?

destruction of red blood cells

What color tube does one use when drawing for a reticulocyte count?

lavender

What is hematuria?

blood in the urine

Hemoconcentration can be caused by which of the following?

Leaving the tourniquet on the patient too long

In phlebotomy, what does the term preanalytical mean?

Variables that affect a specimen prior to lab testing

The "Airborne Precautions" isolation category is used when a patient is suspected or confirmed to have which of these?

Tuberculosis (TB)

In considering the safety of the patient, which of the following is the more dangerous element?

Labeling collection tubes before collecting the blood