Studied by 1 personMatter
what the universe is made of
Solids, liquids, and gasses
the 3 main phases of matter
Energy
in order for matter to change phases, it requires...
Liquid to solid
energy needs to be taken away for this matter change
Absolute zero
when molecules come to a complete stop it is called
Solid, liquid, gas
slowest to fastest particle motion
Matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
Particle
smallest piece of a substance
Solid
definite volume and shape, particles are vibrating
Liquid
definite volume but no definite shape, particles are flowing
Gas
no definite shape or volume, particles are flying
Compression
making particles closer together by force
Contraction
making particles closer together by cooling
Expansion
making particles farther apart
Kinetic energy
energy of motion
Calorie
unit of energy that will raise the temp of 1g of water 1 degree celsius
Mass x delta T
expression for finding calories
Final temperature - initial temperature
expression for finding delta T
Temperature 1 + temperature 2/ 2
expression for finding final temperature
conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed during energy transfers
conservation of matter
no matter is created or destroyed during a reaction
Physical changes
substance changes form but still same substance (ex. Melting, freezing, crushing, bending, breaking)
Chemical change
substance combines with another substance to create a NEW substance
Melt
the change from solid to liquid
Freeze
the change from liquid to solid
Evaporate
the change from liquid to gas
Condense
the change from gas to liquid
Sublime
the change from solid to gas
Deposit
the change from gas to solid
Solid to liquid to gas
energy is transferred TO the substance
Gas to liquid to solid
energy is transferred FROM the substance
Hot to cold
heat always moves/goes from...
Radiation
heat transfer by waves
Conduction
heat transfer by touch
Convection
heat transfer by motion
Convection movement
less dense goes up, more dense goes down
The average temperature
when two different equal amounts of water that are different temperatures are mixed together, the final temperature should be the what?
Dissolving
when the attraction between the particles of the solvent and solute are strong enough to overcome the attraction of the particles of the solute for one another
Convection cycle
forms wind, less dense air moves up, more dense air sinks
Convection current
drives the ocean currents and weather, the hotter water in the ocean rises and the cooler water sinks
Pressure and temperature's relationship
more pressure in heat, less in cold
True
the pacific ocean is cooler than the atlantic ocean
False
when water moves, it leaves a void and nothing fills its place
Note
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