Chem 15-16 Module Review

What are the studies of Chemical Kinetics?

Energy diagrams, activation energy, factors affecting reaction rate, collision theory, and reaction probability.

What affects the reaction rate the most?

The probability of particles hitting with correct orientation.

How does average kinetic energy affect reaction speed?

A reaction with higher average kinetic energy will react faster.

What are natural catalysts in living organisms called?

Enzymes.

Why don't all collisions between particles cause a reaction?

Not all particles collide with enough energy.

Why do most reactions start fast and then slow down?

The concentration of reactants decreases.

True or False: The higher the hill, the faster the rate of reaction.

False.

Is measuring change in the amount of catalyst a method for measuring the rate of reaction?

No.

Why does higher concentration increase the rate of reaction?

It increases the frequency of particle collisions.

Why does higher temperature increase the rate of reaction?

It increases both the frequency and energy of particle collisions.

Why does breaking up a solid reactant increase the rate of reaction?

It increases the surface area.

Why does a catalyst increase the rate of reaction?

It reduces the activation energy of the reaction.

Is increasing the amount of product a benefit of using a catalyst?

No, it increases the rate of reaction and provides a lower energy pathway.

What is the state in which reactants and products have no further tendency to change?

Chemical equilibrium.

What is dynamic equilibrium?

Reactions continue to occur even when the system is in a state of equilibrium.

True or False: In a system at equilibrium, the concentrations of products and reactants are equal.

False.

True or False: In a system at equilibrium, reactions between products and reactants have ceased.

False.

True or False: In a system at equilibrium, forward and reverse reactions are equal.

True.

What is a stress in the context of chemical equilibrium?

Any factor that upsets the forward or reverse direction of a reaction.

True or False: Pressure affects the equilibrium of gases.

True.

What does Le Chatelier's Principle state?

If an equilibrium system is subjected to a stress, the system will react to remove the stress.

True or False: An increase in concentration of a reactant will decrease the rate of a reaction.

False.

What happens if a catalyst is added to an equilibrium?

It would not go in any direction.

What happens if pressure is added to a system of gases by decreasing the volume?

Equilibrium would shift to the right.

True or False: A reversible reaction that is endothermic in one direction must be exothermic in the other direction.

True.

What does an increase in temperature favor in an equilibrium reaction?

Heat absorbing reactions.

What does it mean if deltaH is positive for a reaction?

The word heat is added to the equation as a reactant.

True or False: In the absence of an inhibitor, a catalyst will increase the rate of reaction in an equilibrium system.

True.

In the reaction CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O, what is the rate of O2 consumption?

4 mol(L*min).

What is the activated complex in a chemical reaction?

It is formed at the maximum potential energy and is very unstable.