Week 11 Day 1 Circulatory

All of the structures in an animal's body that contribute to the movement of blood or hemolymph throughout the body; in vertebrates, this system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

circulatory system

what are the 2 types of systems

open and closed

 Fluid is pumped by one or more contractile hearts into the body cavity

 Fluid in the blood vessels and interstitial fluid are together in one large compartment

which type of system

open

 Mixed fluids are called __

 Most invertebrates

which type of system

hemolymph, open

Metabolically inexpensive

which type of system

open

 Blood and interstitial fluids are physically

separated

 All vertebrates

which type of system

closed

2 arrangements

 Single circulation & double circulation

which type of system

closed

 Transport blood

 Blood remains in vessels that distribute it through out the body

these are key features of which type of system

closed

 Activity of system can be adjusted to match metabolic demands of organs

 System grows in size as the animal grow

these are key features of which type of system

closed

two types of closed systems

single and double circulation

 2 chambered heart

 filling chamber – atrium

 Collects blood from tissues

 exit chamber – ventricle

which type of closed system

single circulation

 Pumps blood out of the heart

 Heart pumps at a low pressure

 Protects the gills

which type of closed system

single circulation

Oxygenated & deoxygenated blood are completely separate.

which type of closed system

double circulation

 2 distinct circuits

• Systemic circulation

• Pulmonary circulation

 4 chambered heart

which type of closed system

double circulation

A fluid connective tissue in animals consisting of cells and cell fragments suspended in a solution of water containing dissolved nutrients, proteins, gases, and other molecules

blood

blood contains (4)

1. plasma

2. leukocytes

3. erythrocytes

4. platelets

roughly 55% of blood vol

plasma

plasma includes (4)

1. water

2. dissolved nutrients

3. waste products

4. hormones

 Develop from marrow cells in bone

WBC

(less than 1% of total blood volume)

WBC

 Lack a nucleus

 Large amounts of hemoglobin

RBC

45% of total volume

RBC

An iron-containing protein that reversibly binds to oxygen and is found within the

cytosol of red blood cells

hemoglobin

1 hemoglobin carries __ oxygen

4

 Cell fragments

 Secretory cells

platelets

Platelets stick to each other and __ fibers forming a plug

collagen

__ forms a mesh that holds erythrocytes and platelets increasing the plug and sealing the wound

Fibrin

the 2 atriums __ blood

receive

pretty much everything except fish uses __ circulation

double

2 ventricles ___ blood out

pump

chambers are separated by a __

septum

large blood vessel, sends blood to systemic circulation

aorta

large veins, return blood from systemic

vena cava

sends blood to pulmonary circulation

pulmonary trunk

return blood to heart from pulmonary

pulmonary veins

 Myogenic heart

 Electrically coupled myocytes

heartbeat

true or false - All parts of the heart are stimulated at nearly the same time

true

 Generate their own action potentials

 has 2 phases

heartbeat

what are the 2 phases of heartbeat

• atrial

• ventricular

Specialized cardiac muscle cells that trigger heartbeats

pacemaker cells

what are the 4 pacemaker cells

1. SA node

2. Atrioventricular node

3. bundle of his

4. purkinje fibers

P wave =

atrial depolarization

QRS complex =

ventricular depolarization

T wave =

ventricular repolarization

• AKA heart attack

• Blood flow to the heart is blocked

myocardial infarction (MI)

2 types of myocardial infarction

1. STEMI

2. NSTEMI

Irregular ECGs

complexes normal, evenly spaced. Rate 60-100 bpm

normal sinus rhythm

Irregular ECGs

all complexes normal, rhythm irregular

arhythmia

Irregular ECGs

complexes normal, evenly spaced. Rate <60 bpm

bradycardia

Irregular ECGs

complexes normal, evenly spaced. Rate > 100bpm

tachycardia

Irregular ECGs

baseline irregular, ventricular response irregular

atrial fibrillation

Irregular ECGs

rapid, wide irregular ventricular complexes

ventricular fibrillation

this type of heart attack is a total coronary artery blockage requiring immediate emergency intervention

STEMI

this type of heart attack is a partial blockage causing reduced blood flow, causing damage but no ST-segment elevation

NSTEMI