Literature Section 4

The first two nonfiction essays shown in the guide were published in what anthology?

The Upward Path: A Reader for Colored Children

The first piece is described as what?

autobiographical

The first piece is a chapter from what memoir by Booker T. Washington?

Up from Slavery

The second piece is described as what?

a biographical essay

Who wrote the second piece?

William H. Holtzclaw

What is the second piece by Holtzclaw titled?

"Booker T. Washington-A Student's Memory of Him"

What is the final nonfiction work in the guide?

a TED Talk by Isabel Wilkerson

Isabel Wilkerson's TED Talk focuses on what?

the Great Migration

What short story written by F. Scott Fitzgerald is included in the guide?

"The Curious Case of Benjamin Button"

What collection by Fitzgerald did "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button" appear in?

Tales of the Jazz Age

All four poems by Langston Hughes appear in what collection?

Poetry for Young People-Langston Hughes

When was the collection "Poetry for Young People-Langston Hughes" created?

2013

What is the title of the first piece?

"The Struggle for an Education"

When was "The Struggle for an Education" published in the Upward Path-A Reader for Colored Children?

1920

Who published "The Struggle for an Education" in The Upward Path-A Reader for Colored Children?

Harcourt, Brace and Howe

When was "The Struggle for an Education" originally published?

1901

Where was Washington working when he overheard people talking about a great school in Virginia?

in a coal-mine

What people did Washington overhear talking about the school?

two miners

Where was the school located?

Virginia

What was particularly attractive about Hampton?

it was a school established for Black Americans and provided opportunities for poor but worthy students to work out all or a part of the cost of board, and at the same time be taught some trade or industry

What place does Washington say did not provide as much attractions as the school in Virginia?

Heaven

What school were the miners talking about?

Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute

"I resolved at once to go to that school, although I had no idea

__________, or _________, or ______________."

where it was, how many miles away, how I was going to reach it

What did Washington do after hearing of the Hampton Institute?

he continued to work at the coal-mine for a few months longer

What new job did Washington find while working in the coal-mine?

a position in the household of General Lewis Ruffner

Who was General Lewis Ruffner?

the owner of the salt-furnace and coal-mine where Washington worked

Where is Mrs. Viola Ruffner, the wife of General Ruffner, from?

Vermont

Mrs. Viola Ruffner is described as what kind of woman?

a "Yankee' woman

What reputation did Mrs. Ruffner have?

being strict with her servants

Few of the servants Ruffner had hired remained with her for longer than what time?

two to three weeks

Why did many servants leave Mrs. Viola Ruffner?

she was too strict

Why did Washington choose to work with Mrs. Ruffner, although her reputation was bad?

he preferred it over remaining at the coal-mine

Who applied Washington for the vacant position?

his mother

What salary did Washington have at Mrs. Ruffner's house?

$5 per month

Washington soon began to learn that Mrs. Ruffner wanted everything ________ about her, she wanted things done _______ and _____________, and at the bottom of everything she wanted absolute ______ and __________.

kept clean, promptly, systematically, honesty, frankness

At the bottom of everything, Mrs. Viola Ruffner wanted what?

absolute honesty and frankness

"Nothing must be _______ or _________; every door, every fence, must be kept in repair."

solven, slipshod

How long did Washington estimate he stayed with Mrs. Ruffner before going to Hampton?

a year and a half

Where did Washington ear the most valuable education than any other place since?

at Mrs. Ruffner's home

What affect did Ruffner have on Washington?

she made him more tidy and organized

Washington has never seen a __________________ or a _______________ that he did not want to call attention to.

button off one's clothes, grease-spot on them or on a floor

How did the relationship between Mrs. Ruffner and Washington develop?

he went from fearing her to her becoming one of his best friends

How much time was Washington allowed to go to school at Mrs. Ruffner's house?

1 hour

During when was Washington allowed to go to school for an hour in the day?

winter months

Most of Washington's studying was done when?

at night

What was Washington's first library made of?

a dry-goods box

How much money did Washington have to begin his education at Hampton?

50 cents

Washington compared reaching Hampton to reaching what?

the promised land

Who did Washington present himself to for assignment to a class?

the head teacher

Why did Washington not make a favorable impression on the head teacher?

he had gone so long without proper food, a bath, and a change of clothing

"I felt that I could hardly blame her if she got the idea that I was a worthless ________ or ______."

loafer, tramp

What made Washington feel discomfort as time without admission went on?

the head teacher admitting other students

What room did the head teacher tell Washington to sweep?

the recitation room

Who taught Washington how to sweep?

Mrs. Viola Ruffner

How many times did Washington sweep the recitation-room?

3 times

What did Washington use to dust the recitation room?

a dusting-cloth

How many times did Washington dust the recitation room?

4 times

How was the head teacher similar to Mrs. Ruffner?

they were both "Yankee" woman who knew where to look for dirt

What did the head teacher inspect first?

the floor and closets

What did the head teacher use to check the woodwork about the walls, table, and benches for dirt and dust?

her handkerchief

"When she was unable to find one bit of _____ on the floor, or a particle of ____ on any of the furniture…"

dirt, dust

When did the head teacher allow Washington into the institution?

when she was unable to find dirt or a single particle of dust

When was Booker Taliaferro Washington born?

April 5, 1856

Where was Booker T. Washington born?

Franklin County, Virginia

Who was Washington's mother?

an enslaved cook on a plantation

When was the emancipation of enslaved people?

1865

After what did Washington's family move?

the Civil War and emancipation of slaves

Where did Washington's family move?

Malden, West Virginia

At what age did Washington begin working at salt furnaces and later coal mines?

at the age of 9

Who taught Washington how to read and write?

himself

When did Washington walk to the Hampton Institute?

1872

At what age did Washington walk to Hampton Institute?

16 years old

How many miles did Washington walk to enroll in Hampton?

approximately 500 miles

What was the excerpt from Up from Slavery detail?

his story of his move and acceptance into Hampton

How did Washington pay his way in Hampton?

by working as a janitor

Washington excelled as a student, graduating in what year?

1875

After graduating in 1875, where did Washington return to teach adults and children?

Malden

How long did Washington teach adults and children in Malden?

2 years

Where did Washington continue his education after Hampton?

Wayland Seminary in Washington, D.C.

When did Washington attend Wayland Seminary?

1877

When did Washington return to Hampton Institute as a teacher?

1878

When was Washington selected to lead a new school for African Americans in Tuskegee?

1881

At what age was Washington selected to lead the Tuskegee school?

25 years old

What was the Tuskegee school named?

the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute

What did Tuskegee used to be?

two small, converted buildings

Under Washington's leadership, Tuskegee transformed into an institution with over _____ well-equipped buildings, approximately _______ students, and a faculty of nearly ____.

100, 1,500, 200

How many trades and professions did Tuskegee Institute teach?

38

When did Washington pass away?

1915

How many years after leading the Tuskegee Institute did Washington pass away?

34 years after

Washington famously stated "No race can prosper till it learns that there is as much dignity in _________ as in ___________."

tilling a field, writing a poem

What did Washington's educational philosophy emphasize?

practical skills and industrial training

What did Washington believe was the most effective path to uplift African Americans in the Jim Crow South?

economic self-sufficiency

When did Booker T. Washington gain national attention?

with his "Atlanta Compromise"

Where did Washington deliver his "Atlanta Compromise" speech?

Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta

When did Washington deliver his Atlanta Compromise?

September 18, 1895

In Washington's address, he urged African Americans to do what?

"Cast down your bucket where you are"

Washington called for _______________ and ____________ over immediate demands for __________________.

vocational training, economic advancement, social and political equality

"In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the ______, yet one as the _____ in all things essential to ____________."

fingers, hand, mutual progress

What did Washington suggest when he said "In all things that are purely social we