Human Reproduction Development & Ageing - Reproductive Endocrinology & Contraception

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts from the lecture on reproductive endocrinology and contraception, helping to reinforce the knowledge needed for the course.

Endocrine System

A system of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various body functions.

Hormones

Chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulate processes in the body.

GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone)

A hormone released by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary.

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in females and spermatogenesis in males.

LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

A hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that triggers ovulation and stimulates the production of testosterone.

Negative Feedback Loop

A mechanism of homeostasis in which a system's output negatively influences or dampens the process itself.

Ovarian Cycle

The monthly series of changes in the ovaries associated with the ripening of an egg and the preparation of the uterine lining.

Contraception

The prevention of conception through various methods, including hormonal pills, IUDs, and barrier methods.

Progestin

A synthetic form of progesterone used in contraceptive pills to prevent ovulation.

Luteinizing Hormone Surge

A rapid increase in LH levels that induces ovulation.

Corpus Luteum

A temporary endocrine structure involved in the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy that secretes progesterone.

Placenta

An organ that develops during pregnancy to provide oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and remove waste.

HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)

A hormone produced by the placenta shortly after implantation; it is often used in pregnancy tests.

Estrogen

A group of hormones that play an essential role in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and reproductive system.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

A set of debilitating symptoms that some women experience before their menstrual period, which can be influenced by hormonal changes.

Ovulation

The release of an egg from the ovary, marking the most fertile period in the menstrual cycle.