Kinesiology Exam #3

flexor digitorum superficialis

1. 2nd-5th fingers flexion

2. wrist flexion

gluteus minimus

1. hip abduction

2. hip medial rotation

3. hip flexion

extensor indicis

1. 2nd finger extension

2. 2nd finger adduction

3. wrist extension

genu varum

bow legs

genu valgum

knock-knee

biceps femoris

1. hip extension

2. knee flexion

flexor digitorum profundus

1. 2nd-5th finger flexion

2. wrist flexion

sartorius

1. hip flexion

2. hip abduction

3. hip lateral rotation

extensor digiti minimi

MCP extension of 5th finger

gastrocnemius

1. knee flexion

2. ankle plantarflexion

tibialis anterior

ankle inversion, dorsiflexion

dermatome

fast-twitch

• muscle fibers suitable for responses over a short period of time

• large, pale, and have less blood supply than slow-twitch

insertion

muscle attachment on more distal end

isometric contraction

static, fibers remain same length

moderate twitch

myotome

a muscle or group of muscles that are innervated by a spinal nerve

origin

muscular attachment on more proximal end

premonition

proximal radioulnar

reciprocal activation

contraction of both agonist/antagonist to maintain joint stiffness

slow twitch

• suitable for long duration, posture, and endurance events

• small, red, and have rich blood supply and greater myoglobin

• doesn’t fatigue easily

motor unit

one motor neuron and all the fiber it innervates

phasic vs tonic stretch reflexes

phasic: rapid with brief contraction (knee jerk); strong force requires preparatory

spindle discharge

tonic: slow stretch with prolonged contraction; required for accuracy

muscle amplitude (how large is the amplitude of a typical muscle)

• the range between maximum and minimum lengths

• (½ to 1½ times its resting length)

muscle shapes (which of these exerts the greatest force for its

size?)

GTO vs Ruffini endings

Joint that connects UE to trunk

Scapular elevation (know how to do it/describe it)

Know these muscles by their description (location)/palpation technique and actions: trapezius,pectoralis major, biceps brachii, brachioradialis

What motions do the biceps and deltoids work together to accomplish?

What tendon passes through the coracoacromial arch?

What muscles do ER of the shoulder?

Power vs Precision grip (know examples of these too… like hook is power while pinch is precision)

Normal scapulohumeral rhythm (it is a ratio)

Know an example of a biarticular muscle and its motions

How are muscle contraction and force-velocity related?

Which muscle is responsible for initiating knee flexion?

Longest muscle in the body

sartorius

The true elbow flexor

brachioradialis

Bones that make up the shoulder girdle

scapula & clavicle

Bones that make up the shoulder joint

humerus and glenoid fossa of scapula

What direction does the femur slant? Why?

Which two anatomical structures prevent your tibia from translating forward? (hint: one is a ligament; one is a muscle group)

Origin and insertion for muscles on the UE and LE lab sheets

Arches of the foot and their anatomical purpose

Rotator cuff muscles (which one accelerates the arm and which act as “brakes” to decelerate the arm after a throw)

Examples of each of the following grips: cylindrical, spherical, hook, 3-jaw chuck, lateral, side-to-side, lumbrical

cylindrical: golf club

spherical: baseball

hook:

3-jaw chuck: holding pencil

lateral: holding teacup

side-to-side:

lumbrical: