Vet Notes for Restraining and Handling

Pinna

Outer ear/flap

Stifle

Knee

Hock

Ankle

Occlude

Prevent blood from flowing by restraint; to hold off or roll off.

Recumbency

Position of laying down or resting.

Bitch

Intact female dog.

Stud/Male

Intact male dog.

Prepuce

The skin and other tissues that surround the non-erect penis.

Queen

A female cat who is not spayed; also a pregnant or nursing cat.

Tom

A male cat, particularly an intact male cat.

Patella

Knee Cap.

Hematoma

A pool of blood that forms outside of blood vessels.

Seroma

An accumulation of fluids in the incision area.

Brachycephalic

Squished nose; hard to breathe.

Dolichocephalic

Long and slender nose.

Mesocephalic

Normal noses.

Immunocompromised

Having an impaired immune system.

Comatose

A state of deep unconsciousness for a prolonged or indefinite period.

Lethargy

Not their usual self; quiet, calm, etc.

Fomites

Objects or materials likely to carry infection.

BAR

(Bright, Alert, Responsive) A mental state of a dog; jumping or curious.

QAR

(Quiet Alert Responsive) Up but barely moving; scared.

Dull/Depressed

Minimal response; quiet and dull.

Dogs' Pulse (small dogs)

90-160 bpm.

Dogs' Pulse (medium dogs)

70-110 bpm.

Dogs' Pulse (large dogs)

60-90 bpm.

What is the average pulse for a cat?

150-200 bpm.

Mucous Membranes color (dogs)

Look for a pink color in gums; abnormal colors need reporting.

Capillary Refill Time

Time for color to disappear and reappear in gums; should be under 2 seconds.

Respiratory Rates (definition and how to get)

the number of breaths the patient takes per minute. count the breaths within 1 minute

Core Vaccines Definition

Necessary vaccines for cats and dogs.

Elective Vaccines: Definition

Not totally necessary vaccines.

What is an Immune System?

The body's natural defense against disease and infection.

Microorganism

A small organism, often bacteria or virus.

Pathogen

A microorganism that can cause disease.

Attenuated

Weakened or reduced in force.

Vaccine Reactions

Common - tired, soreness at vaccine site, diarrhea, decreased appetite, mild fever

Urgent - facial swelling, vomiting, lethargy/collapsing, difficulty breathing, body hives. (If any of these symptoms happen within a few hours of a vaccination, the patient must be seen IMMEDIATELY either at the colic or at an urgent care

Zoonotic

Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

Where is the Lateral Saphenous vein?

Outside of back legs

Medial Saphenous (femoral)

Inside of back legs

What is the usual Respirations Rates for Dogs

18-24 rpm (dogs)

Respirations Rates for Cats

20-30 rpm (cats)

pounds converted to kilograms

lbs / 2.2 = kg

kilograms converted to pounds

kg x 2.2 = lbs

Average Temp for Cats and Dogs

100.5º and 102.5º F

What 4 diseases does DAPP/DA2PP cover?

Distemper, Adenovirus, Parvovirus, Parainfluenza

FVRCP

Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis, Calicivirus, Panleukopenia

Core Vaccines: Dogs

Rabies and DAPP

What are some Elective Vaccines: Dogs

Bordetella, Leptospirosis, K9 Influenza

Core Vaccines: Cats

Rabies, FVRCP, FeLV (for kittens)

Pathogenic

what’s causing the disease

Antibodies

the bodys weapon against pathogens. they kill bacteria and disease

Antigen

anything that causes an immune response is considered an antigen (what is causing the need for antibodies)

Attenuated

having been reduced in force, effect, or value. weakened, deactivated, or demishied

Adjuvant

a substance which enhances the bodys immune response to an antigen. An extra ingredient to help a vaccine work better

Inactivated/Killed Vaccines: Definition

uses a killed pathogen to elicit an immune response (lepto, FeLV, rabies)

What is a Live Attenuated/Modified Live Vaccines

uses a weakened pathogen to elicit an immune response (DAPP, FVRCP, Bordetella) (Most vaccines you have to “mix” are modified live)

Toxoid Vaccines

uses inactivated toxin to elicit an immune response (tetanus vaccine, rattlesnake)

Booster Shots

an extra shot to help the original vaccine work harder/continue working. A little power up for the original vaccine

Pros of a Modified Live Vaccine

Very strong immune response, no need for booster shots, fast acting, no adjuvants necessary.

Cons of a Modified Live Vaccine

Potentially dangerous, more acute side effects, difficult storage, precaution for the immunocompromised

Pros of a Killed/Inactivated Vaccines

Safer than modified live, minor sides effects, easy to transport and store

Cons of a Killed/Inactivated Vaccines

Requires booster shots, not quite effective as modified live, can be very expensive