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Doctrine of direct effect
Van Gend en Loos
Autonomy
Van Gend en Loos and Costa
Doctrine of supremacy
Costa, Internationale, Simmenthal
Internationale
Cannot be overridden but must respect fundamental rights of state. S
Simmenthal
National courts must set aside contradictory domestic law.
Poplawski
Only direct effect laws are supreme
Conditions for Direct Effect
Clear, unconditional, not dependent on further action.
Indirect effect
Von Colson and Marleasing
General Principles
Mangold
CRFEU
EGenberger