unit 7 ap chem
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23 Terms
equilibrium
reversible processes
if forward reaction is larger than reverse reaction
end up with more products
if reverse reaction is larger than reverse reaction
end up with more reactants
Kc and Kp
equilibrium constant
equilibrium of pressure
products/reactants
what is not included in Kc or Kp?
solids and liquids
gasses and aqueous are included
what does Q mean in equilibrium
solved same way as Kc, but not at equilibrium
if you change the temperature, what happens to Kc
Kc changes
if endothermic and temperature increases, Kc goes up
if exothermic and temperature increases, Kc goes down
what does large Kc mean
lots of product, not much reactant
equilibrium lies to the right
what happens when you flip an equilibrium rxn?
A+B → C+D
C+D → A+B
Kc becomes reciprocal
1 × 10-3 becomes 1 × 10³
what happens when you double an equilibrium rxn?
A+B → C+D
2A+2B → 2C+2D
Kc is squared
what happens when you add two equilibrium rxns?
A+B → C+D +
E+F → G+H
Multiple the Kc of both rxn
what does “describe the magnitude of the equilibrium constant'‘ mean?
state whether Kc is large or small
how to calculate partial pressure
mol fraction x total pressure
mol faction = mols of what you want/mols of total
le chatelier's principle
how a system shifts to adjust back to equilibrium after a disturbance
what happens when you add more reactants
rxn shifts to products (different side)
what happens when you remove from products
rxn shifts to products (same side)
what happens when you decrease volume
equilibrium shifts to side with fewer mols of gas
what happens when you increase volume
equilibrium shifts to side with more mols of gas
what happens when you add heat to products
moves to reactants (other side)
what happens when you reduce heat to products
moves to products (same side)
Q>K
shifts to left
make more reactants
Q<K
shifts to right
make more products
Ksp
solubility equilibrium