Early Social Development

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Last updated 2:20 AM on 2/23/24
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21 Terms

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Caregiver Preference

Babies prefer their caregiver's face as early as 4 days after birth.

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Stranger Anxiety

Typically starts at 8-9 months of age.

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Temperament

Refers to individual differences in social and emotional styles, influenced by genetics.

Difference in social and emotional styles reflect differences in termperament

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Thomas and Chess’s Temperament Theory

Identifies three major styles (Easy, Difficult, Slow-to-warm-up

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Easy Temperament

easy-going, happy, calm, and adaptable

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Difficult Temperament

negative mood, withdrawal, low adaptability

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Slow-to-warmp-up Temperament

Shy or sensitive

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Behavioural Theory of Temperament

Proposed by Kagan, suggesting 10% of children may be behaviorally inhibited.

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Attachment

The emotional bond between a child and caregiver, is influenced by early experiences.

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What did Konrad Lorenz believe about attachment?

Found that there is a critical period for attachment. Used geese to examine geese attachment

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How is human attachment fluid?

Human attachment is not as strict and it is a sensitive period

A bond can form with more time and support and in bad environments there is less attachment

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Contact Comfort

Comfort, warmth, and food are crucial for attachment

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Attachment Styles

  1. Secure

  2. Insecure-avoidant

  3. Anxious

  4. Disorganized

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4 Parenting Styles (Baumrind)

  1. Permissive: Lenient

  2. Authoritarian: Very strict

  3. Authoritative: Supportive but set rules

  4. Uninvolved: Neglectful

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What did Piaget believe about Moral Development?

There is objective and subjective responsibility

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Objective Responsibility

Rightness or wrongness of an act is based almost exclusively on its material result, without consideration of the individual's motives for doing it

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Subjective Responsibility

Things for which we feel a responsibility

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Kohlberg’s 3 Stages of Moral Development

  1. Pre-conventional

  2. Conventional

  3. Post-conventional

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Pre-Conventional

Focus on punishment and reward

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Conventional

Focus on societal values

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Post-Conventional

Focus on internal moral principles