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To stammer (AmE) - /ˈstæm.ɚ/
To stutter (BrE) - /ˈstʌt̬.ɚ/
- "Wh-when can we g-go?" she stammered.
to speak or say something with unusual pauses or repeated sounds, either because of speech problems or because of fear or nervousness
To slur - /slɜːr/
- Her speech was slurred but she still denied she was drunk.
- "I don't want to get up. It's too early" I slurred.
to pronounce words in a way that is not clear so that they run into each other, usually because you are drunk or tired
Lisp - /lɪsp/
- He has a slight lisp and is conscious of it.
Max Verstappen
To pronounce "s" and "z" sounds as "th".
Shout - /ʃaʊt/
- “It’s too noisy in here!” she shouted.
to speak with a very loud voice, often as loud as possible, usually when you want to make yourself heard in noisy situations, or when the person you are talking to is a long way away or cannot hear very well
Used to call out, communicate over distance, or speak loudly, often without negative emotion.
Pitch: Shriek > Scream > Yell > Shout
Yell - /jel/
- "You lied to me!" he yelled, offended.
to shout words or make a loud noise, often when you want to get someone’s attention or because you are angry, excited, or in pain.
Similar to shouting but implies anger, frustration, or a need for immediate attention.
Pitch: Shriek > Scream > Yell > Shout
Scream - /skriːm/
- She screamed when she saw the spider.
- Through the smoke, the rescuers could hear people screaming for help.
to give a loud, high shout, because you are hurt, frightened, excited, etc.
A long, intense, high-pitched cry triggered by extreme fear, pain, excitement, or panic. Usually longer than a shriek.
Pitch: Shriek > Scream > Yell > Shout
Shriek - /ʃriːk/
- We shrieked with laughter when we realized how stupid we'd been.
to make short, loud, high cry, especially one produced suddenly as an expression of a powerful emotion, for example, when you are excited, frightened or in pain. Shrieks often imply a sharper, more shrill, or involuntary sound
A very high-pitched, shrill sound, often shorter than a scream, typical of a quick reaction to terror or surprise.
Pitch: Shriek > Scream > Yell > Shout
Whisper - /ˈwɪspər/
She said it in a whisper so I presumed it wasn't common knowledge. "You see," she said, lowering her voice to a whisper, "he hasn't been well recently.
To speak very quietly, using your breath rather than your voice, so that only the person close to you can hear you
Murmur - /ˈmɜːrmər/
- I murmured the answer to my friend so no one else could hear it.
(=whisper) to speak or say something very quietly so people cannot hear what they say
Mutter - /ˈmʌtər/
- The man kept looking at me on the bus and muttering something to his friend.
- I think my friends are talking about me behind my back. They are always looking at me and muttering something.
to speak quietly and in a low voice that is not easy to hear, often when you are annoyed or complaining about something/someone
Mumble - /ˈmʌmbl/
- She mumbled something about being too busy.
- The woman at the post office was mumbling when telling me about how to send a package and I couldn’t understand her.
- I tend to mumble when I'm deep in thought.
to speak (quietly) and in a way that is not clear so that the words are difficult to understand
Grunt - /ɡrʌnt/
- He pulled harder on the rope, grunting with the effort.
- When I told her what had happened she just grunted and turned back to her book.
- He hauled himself over the wall, grunting with the effort.
to make a short, low sound in your throat, especially to show that you are in pain, annoyed or not interested