Vocabulary Review for Exam

This set of flashcards covers a comprehensive vocabulary list from the lecture notes, containing definitions of various terms to aid in exam preparation.

Fortitude

Courage and strength in facing difficulties.

Mandate

An official order or command; to authorize or require.

Sampling

The process of selecting a representative group for study.

Anathema

Something or someone that is strongly disliked or condemned.

Chimerical

Unrealistic or wildly imaginative; not achievable in reality.

Conflagration

A large destructive fire.

Diaphanous

Light, delicate, and almost transparent.

Excoriate

To criticize severely or harshly.

Anachronism

Something that is out of its proper time period.

Erratic

Unpredictable or inconsistent.

Garner

To gather or collect information or resources.

Accrue

To accumulate gradually over time.

Criterion

A standard used for evaluating or judging something.

Extrapolate

To estimate unknown values by extending known data.

Polymath

A person with extensive knowledge across multiple fields.

Revere

To regard someone or something with deep respect or admiration.

Vindication

The act of proving someone right or clearing them of blame.

Sybarite

A person devoted to luxury, pleasure, and indulgence.

Quell

To suppress or put an end to something, especially unrest or rebellion.

Frappe

A chilled or iced beverage, often made with coffee, milk, or fruit flavoring.

Chancre

A painless ulcer or sore, typically associated with the early stage of certain infections.

Gauge

An instrument used for measuring or estimating the amount or level of something.

Prerequisite

A requirement that must be completed before something else can be undertaken.

Capstone

A final project that serves as an example of a framework.

Accreditation

Official recognition that an institution meets educational standards.

Paradigm

A model or pattern that serves as an example of a framework.

Genome

The complete set of genetic material in an organism.

Parameter

A measurable fact or variable that defines a system.

Algorithm

A systematic procedure or a step of rules for solving problems.

Zero in on

To focus closely on something or someone.

Learn the ropes

To learn how to do a job or task properly.

Behind closed doors

In private; not in public view.

Ride the wave

To take advantage of a trend or success.

Economic bubble

A situation where prices rise rapidly and exceed real values.

Go against the grain

To act contrary to what is normal or expected.

A moot point

Something that is no longer relevant or open to discussion.

A far cry from

Very different from something.

Pull your weight

To do your fair share of work.

Cut corners

To do something poorly or cheaply to save money.

Social butterfly

A person who is very social and loves attending events.

A bitter pill to swallow

An unpleasant truth to accept.

Get to the heart of the matter

To focus on the main issue.

Spell it out

To explain something very clearly.

Put into perspective

To show the relative importance.

Bring to the table

To contribute ideas, skills, or values.

In the loop

Informed or included.

Call it a day

To conclude.

Walk someone through

To explain something step by step.

Contend

To argue or assert a position.

Transience

The state of lasting only a short time.

Diverge

To move or develop in different directions.

Arbitrary

Based on personal choice rather than logic or reason.

Custodian

A person responsible for protecting or maintaining something.

Inadvertent

Unintentional or accidental.

Erudition

Extensive scholarly knowledge.

Detrimental

Causing harm or damage.

Affinity

A natural liking or connection with something.

Distill

To extract the essential meaning or most important aspects.

Perspicacious

Having keen insight or sharp understanding.

Ameliorate

To improve or make a situation better.

Wraith

A ghostlike figure or apparition, often associated with death or the supernatural.

Viscount

A noble title in the British peerage ranking below an earl and above a baron.

Pharaoh

A ruler or king of Egypt.

Minutiae

Small, precise, or trivial details often overlooked or important.

Desiccated

Completely dried out; lacking moisture.

Acquiesce

To accept or agree to something reluctantly but without protest.

Worcestershire

A county in England; the name of a savory sauce.

Sioux

Native American people of North America.

Segue

To move smoothly from one topic, activity, or section to another.

Otorhinolaryngologist

A medical doctor specializing in ear, nose, and throat disorders.

Hors d'oeuvre

A small appetizer served before meals.

Gauge

To measure, estimate, or determine the extent of something.

Bourgeois

Relating to the middle class or materialistic values.

Anemone

A sea creature with tentacles or a type of flowering plant.

Rendezvous

A meeting arranged at a specific time and place.

Victuals

Food or provisions prepared for consumption.

Isthmus

A narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas.

Euphemism

A mild or indirect word used to replace one that may be harsh or unpleasant.

Quay

A structure along the shore where ships dock for loading and unloading.

Chthonic

Relating to the underworld or subterranean regions in mythology.

Credulity

A tendency to believe things too readily without sufficient evidence or skepticism.

Attenuate

To weaken, reduce, or diminish the intensity or force of something.

Mantle

A covering layer; in geology, the layer beneath the Earth's crust; figuratively, a role of responsibility assumed.

Tapestry

A woven decorative fabric; metaphorically, a complex interwoven combination of elements.

Sepulcher

A tomb or burial chamber, especially one made of stone.

Pedestal

A base supporting a statue; figuratively, a position of high admiration or esteem.

Detritus

Debris or scattered remains, often of something destroyed or discarded.

Armament

Military weapons and equipment used in conflicts.

Marginal

Of minor importance or barely sufficient.

Capitulation

The act of surrendering or yielding after resistance.

Definitive

Conclusive and authoritative, providing a final answer.

Albeit

Another word for although.

Elusive

Difficult to find, grasp, or understand.

Antagonize

To provoke or incite hostility or opposition.

Annotate

To add explanatory notes or comments to a text.

Penchant

A strong inclination or preference for something.

Retinue

A group of followers or attendants accompanying an important person.

Reprobate

A morally unprincipled or depraved person.