Pupil responses and Subcultures

What did Fuller find about a group of black girls in a London comprehensive school regarding negative stereotypes?

This group resented the negative stereotypes associated with being black and female and worked hard to prove their critics wrong to assure their future success

How did Mirza challenge the labelling theory of educational under-achievement regarding black girls?

By acknowledging racism from teachers but denied that it undermined the self-confidence of black girls, most of whom were prepared to work hard

What were the findings of Mac an Ghaill's study on the responses of African-Caribbean and Asian students to schooling success?

They responded differently to schooling success

What groups were shown in Mac an Ghaill’s study?

Girls were grouped together for academic work but were less likely to conform to school rules and other ethnic groups were hostile but attempted to befriend teachers and avoid those perceived as racist

What did Connolly argue regarding Black Caribbean students and anti-school subcultures?

Black Caribbean students are more likely to form an anti-school subculture after being singled out and negatively labelled by their teachers.

AO3 - What alternative view is suggested about subcultures relating to ethnicity?

Subcultures may not be due to ethnicity but rather a reaction to experiencing racism.

AO3 - What paradox exists for some groups that are pro-education despite having a negative opinion of schools?

Some groups were pro-education and succeeded but held a negative opinion of schools due to their negative experiences.