Interdependence and Trade Review Flashcards

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers concepts from the Interdependence and Trade Review, including international law, political theories, Geneva Conventions, and the structure of the United Nations and its agencies.

Governance

The rules and guidelines that the government must follow and adhere to, exemplified by the US Constitution.

Government

The body comprised of elected officials, specifically referenced as the organization of a country like the United States of America.

Liberal World Order

An international system that is dependent on more nations becoming democracies and opening up their economies to the world.

ICJ

The International Court of Justice.

ICC

The International Criminal Court.

International Law Effectiveness

Requires buy-in to be effective, though larger countries typically opt out.

Nuremberg Trials and Tokyo Tribunals

Proceedings that established individual accountability for high-ranking officials and laid the foundation for modern international criminal law.

Geneva Convention 1

Protects wounded and sick members of armed forces on land, ensuring medical care and humane treatment.

Geneva Convention 2

Protects wounded, sick, and shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea during maritime warfare.

Geneva Convention 3

Defines standards for the humane treatment of prisoners of war (POWs), including food, medical care, and protection from humiliation.

Geneva Convention 4

Protects civilians, including those in occupied territories, during armed conflict and prohibits acts like torture and brutality.

Realism

A state-centric theory of international relations characterized by statism, survival in an anarchic system, and self-help.

Statism

The realist belief that nation states are the main actors in international politics.

Liberalism

A theory that views the international system as a space for cooperation and mutual benefit through international law, organizations, and free trade.

Constructivism

A theory stating that ideas matter and that individuals, specifically powerful leaders, shape the nature of international relations through social interaction.

Marxism

An ideology arguing that the unequal distribution of wealth makes the international order unstable, enabling the poor to overthrow the system.

UNSC

United Nations Security Council, consisting of $15$ members where the $5$ permanent members have veto power and the authority to make binding decisions.

Six Principal Organs of the United Nations

1. General Assembly, 2. Security Council, 3. The Secretariat, 4. Economic and Social Council, 5. International Court of Justice, 6. Trusteeship Council.

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme; works in $170$ countries to eradicate poverty and reduce inequality through sustainable development and peace building.

WTO

World Trade Organization; establishes rules of trade between countries, exchanges currencies, and ensures fair trade.

UNESCO

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; promotes international cooperation in education, sciences, and culture to contribute to peace.

Collective Security

A system where nations form an alliance for mutual protection, such as NATO.

Deterrence

The act of discouraging a behavior by the threat of punishment or military action.

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; a security collective created by the USA, Canada, and Western Europe in opposition to USSR expansion.

WHO

World Health Organization; fights infectious and chronic diseases and prevents the spread of pandemics across borders.

IMF

International Monetary Fund; serves as the world's financial firefighter.

World Bank

An organization founded to provide loans for rebuilding postwar Europe, now focused on ending extreme poverty.