Micro study for finals 1

What is the catalase result for Staphylococcus species?

Catalase positive

What is the Gram stain morphology of Staphylococcus?

Gram-positive cocci in clusters

What is the coagulase result for Staphylococcus aureus?

Coagulase positive

What is the hemolysis pattern of Staphylococcus aureus?

Beta hemolysis

What colony color is typical of Staphylococcus aureus?

Yellow/golden colonies

What is the novobiocin result for Staphylococcus epidermidis?

sensitive

What colony morphology is seen in Staphylococcus epidermidis?

White-gray, non-hemolytic

What is the novobiocin result for Staphylococcus saprophyticus?

Novobiocin resistant

What colony morphology is seen in Staphylococcus saprophyticus?

Bright white colonies

What is the catalase result for Streptococcus species?

Catalase negative

What Gram stain morphology is seen in Streptococcus?

Gram-positive cocci in chains

What hemolysis is seen in Streptococcus pyogenes?

Beta hemolysis

What is the PYR result for Streptococcus pyogenes?

PYR positive

What hemolysis is seen in Streptococcus agalactiae?

Small beta hemolysis

What hemolysis is seen in viridans streptococci?

Alpha hemolysis (green)

What is the optochin result for Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Optochin sensitive

What is the bile solubility result for Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Bile soluble

What colony morphology is seen in Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Mucoid with central depression

What is the PYR result for Enterococcus?

PYR positive

What is the bile esculin result for Enterococcus?

Bile esculin positive

What colony color is typical of Enterococcus?

Gray/blue colonies

What is the oxidase result for Enterobacterales?

Oxidase negative

What is the glucose fermentation result for Enterobacterales?

Ferment glucose

What is the indole result for Escherichia coli?

Indole positive

What is the citrate result for Escherichia coli?

Citrate negative

What colony morphology is seen in Escherichia coli on MAC?

Pink lactose fermenter

What is the indole result for Proteus mirabilis?

Indole negative

What motility pattern is seen in Proteus mirabilis?

Swarming motility

What odor is associated with Proteus mirabilis?

Burnt chocolate smell

What colony morphology is seen in Klebsiella?

Mucoid colonies

What biochemical test is positive in Klebsiella?

VP positive

What H2S result is seen in Salmonella?

H2S positive (black center)

What colony appearance is seen in Salmonella on HE?

Green with black center

What H2S result is seen in Shigella?

H2S negative

What colony appearance is seen in Shigella on HE?

Green colonies

What oxidase result is seen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Oxidase positive

What odor is associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Grape smell

What colony appearance is seen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Metallic sheen

What oxidase result is seen in Acinetobacter?

Oxidase negative

What colony appearance is seen in Acinetobacter on MAC?

Purple colonies

What catalase result is seen in Listeria?

Catalase positive

What motility pattern is seen in Listeria?

Umbrella motility

What colony morphology is seen in Bacillus anthracis?

Medusa head colonies

What hemolysis is seen in Bacillus anthracis?

Non-hemolytic

What enzymes are absent in anaerobes?

What hemolysis is seen in Clostridium perfringens?

Double zone hemolysis

What cell shape is seen in Clostridium perfringens?

Boxcar shape

What cell membrane component is found in fungi?

Ergosterol

What cell wall component is found in fungi?

Chitin

What morphology is seen in Aspergillus?

Swollen vesicle with radiating chains

What morphology is seen in Penicillium?

Brush-like structure

What morphology is seen in Rhizopus?

Rhizoids with ribbon-like hyphae

What morphology is seen in Giardia?

Monkey-face cyst

What morphology is seen in Trichomonas vaginalis?

Motile trophozoite

What staining property is seen in Mycobacterium?

Acid-fast positive

What growth characteristic is seen in Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Slow growing

What gene confers resistance in MRSA?

mecA gene

What enzyme causes beta-lactam resistance?

Beta-lactamase

What does MIC measure?

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

What requires CO2 to grow?

What organisms require anaerobic conditions?

CNA agar details

What is Chocolate agar used for?

What does chocolate agar have in it that makes it special?

What is factor X?

Heme

What is factor V?

NAD

What is XLD/HE agar used to select for?

GNB

What two orgs are XLD/HE for?

There are two results for the nitrate reduction test for positive and negative, what are the positive results?

Red color, then no color after zinc is added

There are two results for the nitrate reduction test for positive and negative, what are the negative results?

No color, then red after zinc is added

Why would you add zinc to the nitrate reduction test?

When the initial result is negative, this is to prevent false negatives.