fallacies 2nd nine weeks

fallacies of irrelevance (non sequiturs)

fallacies that make assumptions which do not follow from the information provided.

ad hominem - abusive

attacking one’s opponent in a personal and abusive way as a means of ignoring or discrediting his or her position or argument

genetic fallacy

assuming a statement, position or idea must be flawed if the source of the statement, position or idea is flawed. attempt to dismiss or refute another’s position based solely on the origin of the position

poisoning the well

rejecting a claim defended by another because of the person’s special circumstances or improper motives.

fallacy of composition

consists in assuming that what is true of the parts of some whole is therefore ture of the whole

fallacy of division

whole is true so parts of the whole are true

false alternatives

arguer presents the listener with only two choices when in fact there are other possibilities to choose from. always an oversimplification of a more complex issue

is-ought fallacy

something is now the practice so it ought to be the practice, something is not the practice, it ought not to be the practice

faulty analogy

because two things are alike in one or more respects, they necessarily are alike in some other respect. appeals to similarities that are very superficial and thus fail to support the particular conclusion sought