Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Review

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), including its causes, symptoms, complications, and management.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

A condition characterized by abnormalities in kidney structure or function that persist for over 3 months.

eGFR

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; a measure used to assess kidney function.

Anaemia

A condition in CKD where there is a decline in hemoglobin levels due to inadequate erythropoietin production.

Electrolyte disturbances

Imbalances in electrolyte levels due to compromised kidney function, frequently affecting potassium.

Uraemia

A clinical syndrome caused by the retention of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, usually occurring in advanced stages of CKD.

SGLT2 inhibitors

A class of medications that inhibit sodium-glucose co-transporter 2, used to manage CKD and provide renal protection.

Hypertension

High blood pressure, a common complication in CKD due to fluid overload and increased renal resistance.

Acidosis

A condition that results from the reduced ability of the kidneys to excrete hydrogen ions, leading to increased acidity in the body.

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)

A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance, often targeted in CKD treatment.

Vitamin D deficiency

A state resulting from decreased production of active vitamin D in CKD, impacting calcium absorption and bone health.