IS%20300%20Final%20Study%20Guide.pdf

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems, including learning, reasoning, and self-correction.

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)

A specialized processor designed to accelerate graphics rendering and perform parallel processing, crucial for AI computations.

TPU (Tensor Processing Unit)

A type of specialized hardware designed by Google specifically for accelerating machine learning workloads.

Deep Learning

A subset of machine learning using neural networks to model complex patterns in large amounts of data.

Neural Network

A computational model inspired by the human brain's networks, designed to recognize patterns and learn from data.

Transfer Learning

A machine learning technique where knowledge gained from training a model on one task is applied to a different but related task.

Generative AI

A type of AI that generates new content based on learned patterns from existing data.

RNN (Recurrent Neural Network)

A type of neural network designed for sequential data processing, where outputs are dependent on previous calculations.

CNN (Convolutional Neural Network)

A type of deep learning model particularly effective in processing grid-like data such as images.

Transformer

An advanced model architecture that uses self-attention to process data, leading to improved performance on tasks that involve understanding complex relationships in data.

Large Language Model (LLM)

A type of generative AI model designed for processing and generating human-like text based on extensive training data.

Training Data Poisoning

A security concern where attackers manipulate the training data to introduce vulnerabilities or biases into AI models.

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)

A process where human judgments are incorporated into the training of AI models to ensure outputs align with human values.

Problem Statement

A concise description of the issues or needs that AI projects aim to address.

ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library)

A framework for IT service management that provides best practices for aligning IT services with business needs.

COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies)

A framework for developing, implementing, monitoring, and improving IT governance and management practices.

Domain Name System (DNS)

A hierarchical system that translates human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses to locate and access resources on the internet.

HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure)

An extension of HTTP that uses encryption protocols like TLS to secure communications over a computer network.

Packet Switching

A method of grouping data transmitted over a digital network into packets, allowing for dynamic data routing and efficient bandwidth usage.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

A company that provides internet access and services to individuals and organizations.