Psychology of motivation part 2

Internal Motivation

drives: physiological & psychological, and push

External Motivation

incentives and goals, and pull

Hull’s drive theory

Psychological drive emerges from physiological need. Each drive has own unique internal characteristic.

Hull’s drive theory example

Rats will remember correct location of food or water depending on what they have been deprived of food or water. Thirstier rats run a T-Maze faster for water.

If a Drive is unpleasant

It motivates behavior to reduce intensity

Curiosity drive

is unrelated to needs and is activated when a novel item is in environment

Boredom drive

Is unrelated to needs, and when you have unvarying stimulus conditions and need to seek new stimulation

An enriched environment during development causes

a bigger cortex, related to curiosity drive

Lack of visual stimulation causes

Poorer vision, boredom drive sorta

Psychological Needs

are aroused by an appropriate stimulus the motive reminds person of discrepancy between current state and desired state

Redintegration

activates a psycgological need EX. Dark parking lot produces fast walking pace

Maslow’s Theory of Needs: Hierarchy of needs

5 steps that need to be meet. The lower levels are fulfilled first; highest levels least likely to be satisfied

Level 1: physiological needs

food and shelter

Level 2: safety need

absence of fear

Level 3: belonging

respect of self and others / freindships

Level 4: esteem

respect of self and others

Level 5: self-actualization

utilizing one’s abilities to  the fullest. universal love and care for other people / putting others first (Most people dont reach it)

Lester 1990 need satisfaction inventory

maslows theory was NOT supported by empirical evidence.

Crocodile attack earns Florida swimmers dubious distinction

Two swimmers taking an early morning dip in a Florida canal have earned the dubious distinction of becoming the first humans in the United States to be bitten by an American crocodile, wildlife officials say.

Alejandro Jimenez, 26, and Lisset Rendon, 23, came face to face with the 9ft reptile at 2.30am on Sunday, after taking to the water during a house party in Gables by the Sea, an upscale neighbourhood of South Miami where saltwater crocodiles are prevalent.

As Jimenez recovered in hospital Tuesday from bite wounds to his torso and hands, and his girlfriend, who was bitten on her shoulder, rested at home, trappers continued to scour the canal for the giant critter.

first major psychological need: Achievement

Need to achieve success

TAT (Thematic Apperception Test):

How the first major psychological need achievement, is measured. Projective test. High achievement motivation is associated with statements related to long-term involvement, high standards, and unique accomplishments. TAT has low test-retest reliability which questions its validity. Response is supposed to be consistent with activated motives. Ex.) An ambiguous picture is shown and person is asked to tell a story about it, which calls its validity into question,