Unit 3 WHAP Review

Laissez-faire capitalism

Economic system advocating minimal government involvement in economic affairs.

Invisible hand

Concept that free-market competition leads to economic prosperity.

Berlin Conference

Meeting of European powers that divided Africa without African representation.

Scramble for Africa

Period of rapid colonization of the African continent by European powers.

Enlightenment ideals

Philosophical concepts such as liberty, equality, and rights that inspired revolutions.

Gran Colombia

Short-lived state created by Simon Bolivar to unite liberated South American nations.

Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists

Secret Chinese society, known as the Boxers, which resisted foreign influence.

Urbanization

The process of people moving from rural areas to cities, often associated with the Industrial Revolution.

Proletariat

The working class in Marxist theory, who are contrasted with the bourgeoisie.

Social Darwinism

Misapplication of Darwin's theories to justify imperialism and inequality.

Meiji Reformation

Period of modernization in Japan that abolished the feudal system and transformed the economy.

Unequal treaties

Agreements that favored Western powers over China following the Opium War.

Soviet Union

State formed after the Russian Revolution, under communist rule.

Artificial borders

Borders created by colonizers without regard for ethnic or cultural divisions, leading to conflict.

Century of Humiliation

Period in which China faced foreign domination and loss of sovereignty.

Economic dependency

Condition where a country's economy relies heavily on another for resources and trade.