Unit 7 water quiz (Part 2)

Salinity

The total amount of dissolved salts in a sample of water

Sonar

Sound Navigation and Ranging

Uses sound waves to calculate the distance of an object

Seamount

A volcanic mountain rising from the ocean floor that does not reach the surface

Trench

A long, deep valley on the ocean floor through which hold ocean floor sinks back towards the mantel

Continental slope

(At 130 meters down) When the slope of the ocean floor gets steeper. The steep edge of the continental shelf.

Continental shelf

A gently sloping, shallow area that extends outward from the edge of each continent

Abyssal pain

A broad area covered with thick layers of mud and silt

Mid-ocean ridge

Long chains of mountains on the ocean floor

Wave

A movement of energy through a body of water

Tsunami

A MASSIVE wave that can cause mass destruction

Rip currents

Strong currents of water rushing from the shore to deeper water (These can take swimmers with them!)

Eutrophication

Over time, nutrients can build up in the lake in a process

Surface Currents

Ocean currents that control the motion of the top 10 percent of the ocean's water

Explain how salinity affects water (density, etc.)

Water with a higher concentration of salt is more dense than fresher water. This salinity-driven sinking is a primary engine for deep-ocean currents. When combined with wind-driven surface currents, it forms the Global Conveyor Belt