chapter 13 human growth and development

What age range defines middle adulthood?

30 to 50

| 50 to 75

| 45 to 70

| 40 to 65

40 to 65

Middle adulthood is generally a time of:

Carefree living and physical peak

| Complete physical decline and job loss

| Declining physical skills and increasing responsibility

| Early retirement and grandparenting

Declining physical skills and increasing responsibility

Late midlife (ages 55–65) is often characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

Entering college for the first time

| Death of a parent

| Retirement preparation

| Becoming a grandparent

Entering college for the first time

Which of the following is NOT a visible sign of aging?

Wrinkling skin

| Rapid muscle growth

| Hair thinning

| Age spots

Rapid muscle growth

What is sarcopenia?

Decline in memory

| Loss of vision

| Skin wrinkling due to sun exposure

| Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength

Accommodation of the eye:

Declines most sharply between ages 40 and 59

| Increases steadily with age

| Remains the same across adulthood

| Only declines after age 70

Declines most sharply between ages 40 and 59

Metabolic syndrome includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Hypertension

| Insulin resistance

| High bone density

| Obesity

High bone density

What happens to the lungs around age 55?

Lung capacity increases

| Lung tissue becomes less elastic

| Lung tissue becomes more elastic

| Breathing rate dramatically increases

Lung tissue becomes less elastic

Chronic disorders are:

Sudden illnesses with rapid recovery

| Linked only to genetic conditions

| Slow-onset, long-duration health conditions

Rare in old age

Slow-onset, long-duration health conditions

The number one cause of death in middle adulthood is:

Stroke

| Cancer

| Heart disease

| Diabetes

Heart disease

The term “climacteric” refers to:

A midlife decline in fertility for men and women

| A sudden increase in fertility

| Onset of puberty

| Changes in hearing

A midlife decline in fertility for men and women

Menopause is defined as:

A decrease in testosterone

| A temporary stop in menstruation

| Permanent cessation of menstruation

| Increase in fertility

Permanent cessation of menstruation

Perimenopause refers to:

The first signs of puberty

| The end of hormone therapy

| The sudden onset of menopause

| The transitional period before menopause

The transitional period before menopause

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) has been linked to increased risk of:

Stroke

| Heart disease

| Breast cancer

| Diabetes

Breast cancer

What is a potential benefit of Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) in men?

Increases sperm count

| Causes permanent muscle hypertrophy

| Prevents cancer

| Enhances sexual functioning and bone health

Enhances sexual functioning and bone health

Erectile Dysfunction (ED) affects approximately what percentage of men aged 40–70?

25%

| 10%

| 75%

| 50%

50%

Crystallized intelligence refers to:

Reaction time and spatial ability

| Abstract reasoning and speed

| Verbal skills and accumulated knowledge

| Problem-solving using new strategies

Verbal skills and accumulated knowledge

Fluid intelligence involves:

Stored facts and vocabulary

| Physical strength and endurance

| The ability to reason abstractly

| Memorizing historical facts

The ability to reason abstractly

During middle adulthood, working memory capacity:

Becomes more limited due to information overload

| Is no longer needed

| Stays the same

| Increases significantly

Becomes more limited due to information overload

Experts in their field are more likely to:

Rely on accumulated experience to solve problems

| Avoid using strategies

| Work more slowly than novices

| Have difficulty adapting to new problems

Rely on accumulated experience to solve problems

What is “leisure”?

Pleasant time after work spent on personal activities

| Medical leave for midlife stress

| Time spent in professional development

| Working part-time jobs after retirement

Pleasant time after work spent on personal activities

Who shows a stronger interest in religion and spirituality during middle adulthood? Children

| Men

| Adolescents

| Women

Women

Which two factors about religion are positively linked to health?

Weekly worship and giving

| Lifestyle and social networks

| Wealth and church attendance

| Prayer and fasting

Lifestyle and social networks

According to Victor Frankl, what adds meaning to life?

Accumulating wealth

| Fame and success

| Retirement and freedom

| Facing death and human qualities like responsibility

Facing death and human qualities like responsibility

Having a sense of meaning in life is associated with:

Increased workaholism

| Greater financial wealth

| Healthier living and reduced depression

| Less motivation to change

Healthier living and reduced depression