Marine science

Convection

________- when fluid moves away from the source.

Hydrothermal vents

________- featured of rift valleys, temperature can be at 350 C.

Scientific method

________- A systematic process for obtaining and interpreting knowledge- Ask a question, for a hypothesis, observe or experiment, form theories and laws, test repeatedly.

Paleolithic humans

________ developed barbed spears and harpoons.

Mid pacific island

________ have been colonized for about 2500 years.

Ferdinand Magellan voyage

________ was the first to circumnavigate the globe.

Hot Spots

________- associated with development of island and seamount chains, Hawaii island.

Convection currents

________ in the mantle were proposed as the force that caused the ocean to grow and continents to move.

Ocean ridges

________ and rises- the longest and most continuous mountain belts on Earth.

Remote

________ sensing- Collecting data from aircraft or satellites.

Radioactive decay

________ is the primary heat source inside the earth.

Density of stratification

________- results in a an inner and outer core, a mantle and a crust.

Statutes

________ and probability- measure of how likely something is high degree of scientific certainty: 95 % probability.

20th century

In the ________ the military studied winds and currents to improve safety and navigation.

Longitude vary

________ depending on your latitude.

Bob Ballard

________ discovered hydrothermal vents in 1977.

Ptolemy

________- Charts with 360 divisions and north at the top.

Hawaii

________ was colonized around 450- 600 ce.

Pacific Ocean

________ covers 1 /3 of the earths surface.

Intraplate

________- means with a single plate.

Turbidity current

________- is the major mechanic of the formation of submarine canyons.

Charles Darwin

________ (1842) proposes a mechanism for the formation of coral atolls.

Plate tectonic

________ explains the large- scale features of life.

Rain

________ eroded the minerals in the rocks.

Guyots

________- are submerged, flat topped seamounts are most common in the pacific ocean at a depth of 1300 m.

AL Wegener

________- the concept of continental drift.

Hipparchus

________- Introduced the regular grid.

Magellan

________- first European to complete a transpacific voyage.

Abyssal

________ hill- lower relife bumps 1000m, 3300 ft) high that are scattered across the ________ plain.

Challenge expedition

________- ocean exploration was for navigation.

James

________ cook- three voyages to chart the Pacific Ocean.

Milky Way

The ________- earth has rotated around this 20 times since the ocean formed.

Earth

________ is composed of different layers, layers have different chemical and physical properties.

Seismic waves

________ bend as they encounter different density of rocks.

Mille Urey Experiment

________- a chemical experiment that stimulated the condition of how life originated.

Island

________ arcs- forms when two oceanic plates converge and ________ arc is formed by volcanic activity.

Marshall Islands

The ________ consist of two parallel island chains called rattan and ralik, which can be seen quire clearly on the map below.

Hydrothermal

________ is based on chemosynthesis not photosynthesis.

Seamounts Are steep

________ sided volcanoes.

Stars

________ form from hydrogen and ________ produce heavy elements.

Active margins

________ (Pacific Type)- associated with plate boundaries; high degree of tectonic activity.

Latitude

________ and longitude are the grid which a ship uses to know its location and navigate safely.

lithospheric plates

Are contained withing the ________ and are not next to a plate boundary.

marine science

What is ________- The process of discovering unifying principle in data obtained from the ocean.

deep ocean

Trench- arc shaped depression in the ________, Some of the most tectonically active features on earth, Deepest place on the earth crust.

Submarine canyons

________ are common features of continental slopes.

Mariana

________ trench- Deepest part of the world ocean,

Shelf

________ break- abrupt transition from continental shelf to continental slope.

scientific disciplines

Science and nature are the best journals for all ________.

What is marine science

The process of discovering unifying principle in data obtained from the ocean

World s Ocean

we have 5 oceans

Magellan

first European to complete a transpacific voyage

Relatively shallow

mid Atlantic Ridge

Least studied of all ocean, cause its hard to get there

uncharted until the 1800s

Hunter

haters along the sea shore

Hipparchus

Introduced the regular grid

Ptolemy

Charts with 360 divisions and north at the top

415 ce

the library was burned and Europe enter the dark age

Hawaii was colonized around 450

600 ce

James cook

three voyages to chart the Pacific Ocean

Charles Darwin (1809

1882)

Challenge expedition

ocean exploration was for navigation

Economic needs

fisheries, oil

Technology

Remotely operated vehicles, Underwater vehicles

Capacity

3 people

Remote sensing

Collecting data from aircraft or satellites

The Milky Way

earth has rotated around this 20 times since the ocean formed

Heavier elements condense from supernovae (exploding stars)

Most chemical elements heavier than Fe were formed in explodering stars or supernovae

Formation of earths

Compress of this material by gravity, bombardment cause the planet to melt

Density of stratification

results in a an inner and outer core, a mantle and a crust

Mille Urey Experiment

a chemical experiment that stimulated the condition of how life originated

AL Wegener

the concept of continental drift

Evidence

fossils, corals, mountains

Early mid 1900s

A technological revolution in science

Conduction

movement of heat

Convection

when fluid moves away from the source

Sea floor spreading

key idea

Active margins (Pacific Type)

associated with plate boundaries; high degree of tectonic activity

Shelf break

abrupt transition from continental shelf to continental slope

Continental slope

transition between continental shelves and continental slope

Turbidity current

is the major mechanic of the formation of submarine canyons

Guyots

are submerged, flat topped seamounts are most common in the pacific ocean at a depth of 1300 m

Abyssal hill

lower relife bumps 1000m, 3300 ft) high that are scattered across the abyssal plain

Trench

arc shaped depression in the deep ocean, Some of the most tectonically active features on earth, Deepest place on the earth crust

Mariana trench

Deepest part of the world ocean,

Island arcs

forms when two oceanic plates converge and island arc is formed by volcanic activity

Ocean ridges and rises

the longest and most continuous mountain belts on Earth

Intraplate

means with a single plate

Hot Spots

associated with development of island and seamount chains, Hawaii island

Hydrothermal vents

featured of rift valleys, temperature can be at 350 C