Self-Identity

self-identity

how someone thinks-about/perceives/evaluates themselves, aka self-awareness

Self-identity is composed of …

existential self and categorical self

Existential self

most basic part of self-concept, the sense of being separate and distinct from others. Awareness that the self is constant/consistent throughout life (i.e. if someone says they are “tired” that isn’t them All the time)

Categorical self

comes once baby realizes they’re separate, becoming aware that even though we’re separate/distinct objects/beings, we also exist in the world with others. And each of these objects/entities has properties

Carl Rogers

believe self-concept has 3 components (self-image, self-esteem, ideal self)

Self-esteem

respect and regard one has for oneself

Self-efficacy

belief in one’s abilities to succeed in a situation / to organize and execute the courses of action required in a particular situation; more specific than self-esteem b/c it can have an impact on everything from psychological states, to behavior and motivation

People with strong self-efficacy

RISE (Recover quickly, strong Interest, Strong sense of commitment, Enjoy challenging tasks)

Internal locus of control

when person believes he or she can influence events/outcomes. Events/Results come primarily from their own actions

External locus of control

attribute events to environmental events/causes (If someone with external locus of control does bad on a test they attribute to hard test questions, and if they do well on a test they attribute it to the teacher being lenient/they were lucky)

Freud

psychosexual theory of development

Erikson

psychosocial development theory, occurs through one’s entire lifespan when overcoming conflict

Hierarchy of salience

individuals will hold identities that are higher in their hierarchy, or more important, as more relevant in a particular situation

Piaget Stage 1: 0-2 y/o

Sensorimotor stage—object permanence (objects exist even when can’t see) + stranger anxiety

Piaget Stage 2: 2-6/7 y/o

Pre-operational stage—pretend play + egocentric

Piaget Stage 3: 7-11 y/o

Concrete operational—conservation (mental operations) + empathy + math skills

Piaget Stage 4: 12+ y/o

Formal operational—reason abstract consequences + moral reasoning