Speech Final Study guide

Which type of outline do you use when you've completed your research and begin to organize your information?

complete sentence

It is not necessary to write the general purpose or specific purpose on your complete sentence outline since you already decided upon these elements when preparing your working outline.

False

Transitions that review what you just discussed prior to moving on to the next point in your speech are called

Internal summaries

In what part of the speech are you likely to first hear the thesis?

introduction

A point or subpoint should have at least how many pieces of information to support it?

two

Spatial organization links points together based on their physical or geographical relationships, such as their location.

true

The body of the speech includes the introduction, main points, and the conclusion.

False

Speakers do not need to use a connective before the conclusion unless it is an unusual speech.

False

In an outline, subordinate points are those that fall under the main points, providing evidence and information that support your main ideas.
Correct!

true

In which step of Monroe's Motivated Sequence does the speaker show the audience the benefits of the proposed solution or the costs of not implementing the solution or both?

Visualization

A Complete Sentence outline offers a highly detailed description of your ideas and how they're related to one another.

true

Effective speeches must have an obvious and plausible connection among the ideas presented, which is known as

coherence

Problem-Solution organization can be used for either informative or persuasive speeches.

False

Which pattern of organization is most appropriate for convincing audience members to agree with a course of action?

problem solution

Which step in Monroe's Motivated Sequence will lead the audience to think, "There is important information I'm lacking" or "There's a problem I should pay attention to"?

need

"Transitions" is the formal term for words, phrases, or sentences used throughout a speech to mark locations in the organization and clearly link the parts of the speech together.

true

Speaking outlines are often as long as the Complete Sentence outline.

false

The main points of your speech should be about equal in importance relative both to your topic and to the other points.

true

Topical organization has the following number, or range, of main points

2-5

When developing your complete-sentence outline, each main point or subpoint should express

only one idea

Metasearch engines should be used when you want to find

general information about your topic

Specialized metasearch and search engines provide access to information that is not found on standard web pages, but in documents such as theses and dissertations, in specialized databases, in social media and blogs, and in image, audio, and other files.

true

Research shows that search engine users rarely go past the first page of results and will click on only a few links before giving up.

true

If you do not intend to plagiarize a source, it is not considered plagiarism.

false

Questioning the logic of an author's conclusion or whether or not the author provides adequate evidence is questioning the _____ of the author's information.

validity

It is important to provide oral citations of your sources in your speech.

true

Most campus library websites provide access to all of the following EXCEPT

most college library websites provide access to all of these

Libraries are no longer useful with the wide variety of Internet search tools available today.

False

Which of the following refers to how closely a source matches the topic you are researching?

Relevance

In the research interview process, your first step is to select the interviewee(s).

true

The first step in preparing to research your topic is to

examine your own experience

Validity has three components:

accuracy, authority, and currency

You should choose your keywords carefully and consider alternatives to your original choice in order to produce a range of results.

true

Which of the following is true?

In the United States and many other countries, presenting others' work as your own not only violates basic ethical principles but is also illegal.

When evaluating your research materials, you need to check the validity of the information.

true

All the following are considered reference works EXCEPT

Government publications

While researching a speech on the Salvation Army, a student found a particularly useful quotation. During the speech, the speaker put the quote into his own words. In doing so, the speaker is ____ the quotation.

paraphrasing

A source's complete citation, including author, date of publication, title, place of publication, and publisher is called

bibliographic information

Research shows that less than ten percent of college students report having copied information directly from an Internet source without providing a reference.

False

Determining a source's purpose does not include identifying its scope and depth.

False

"Josh was flopping like a fish on a line" is an example of a(n) _____.

simile

Hypothetical examples are based on actual events.

False

If you want to quantify the magnitude of a problem in your speech, you may want to use

statistics

While audiences tend to find examples persuasive when they are used in conjunction with other forms of supporting materials-- especially statistics and facts--examples alone usually are not convincing.

true

Statistics used as supporting materials are never subject to interpretation and manipulation.

False

Which of the following refers to emotional appeals?

Pathos

Using testimony to support your claims only works if listeners believe in the source's credibility and feel a personal connection to the source or topic.

true

Statements of inference cannot be made about the future because they are confined to observations.

False

Because they appeal to logic, audience members generally find _____ can be convincing in persuasive situations.

statistics

Which type of example is most appropriate when audience members are already familiar with the situation, person, object, or event cited?

general example

"Looking for wild asparagus is like hunting for mushrooms; they are relatively hard to find, but well worth the effort when you do find them." This type of comparison is called a(n)

analogy

Most words have several connotative meanings and infinite denotative meanings.

False

Speakers often use analogies to help an audience understand something new to them.

true

Connotative meanings are the ones you would find in a dictionary.

false

_____ meaning is unique and associated with a word based on a person's own experiences.

connotative

Definitions enable speakers to accomplish which of the following?

Definitions enable speakers to accomplish all of these.

Metaphors rely on an implicit comparison while similes make an explicit comparison.

true

Which type of testimony do journalists often use when reporting on human-interest stories?

lay testimony

"Into each life a little rain must fall" is an example of a(n)

metaphor

Relating your own narrative personalizes the topic and helps listeners understand why you chose it.

true

Speakers succeed to the degree that they

connect with their audience

Individuals who share demographic similarities may have vastly different standpoints arising from their personal experiences in life.

true

When you judge something as good or bad, right or wrong, important versus unimportant, you are expressing your

Values

The target audience for any speech is composed of the people who are physically present in the room when the speech is delivered.

False

Audience analysis and adaptation take place only during the first states of speech preparation before you speak.

False

The setting of a speech plays an important role in audience-centered public speaking and includes

the physical location, the occasion, and the time.

Competence refers to the qualifications a speaker has to discuss his or her chosen speech topic.

true

Effective speakers speak about what they know, regardless of the makeup of their audience.

False

Audiences at which of the following events would most likely be considered a "captive audience"

sociology class at your college

Close-ended questions are designed to elicit more in-depth information.

False

Generally speaking, captive audiences are less motivated to listen than voluntary audiences.

true

As she spoke, the audience perceived her to be competent about the topic, honest and sincere, and to be a dynamic speaker. These perceptions greatly increase a speaker's

credibility

The setting or location in which you will be giving your speech should NOT factor into how you adapt to the audience.

false

All of the following are techniques for speaking to diverse audiences EXCEPT

address different parts of your audiences in separate sections of your speech.

Adapting to the setting requires you to consider all of the following EXCEPT

the audience

A person's standpoint can best be described as her or his

perspective on the world

Demographics focus on psychological data such as the standpoints, values, beliefs, and attitudes of an audience.

False

All of the following are effective techniques for adapting to diverse audiences EXCEPT

dressing accordingly

If a speaker wants the audience to believe he or she is qualified to speak on a certain topic, he/she should focus on

Competence

When you interact with people whose backgrounds differ from your own, you learn how to better articulate your own cultural identity and understand the cultural identities of others.

true

Humor can be a useful tool in your introduction but your humor should never

all of these answers are correct

An audience is more likely to remember what speakers present at the end of a speech than what they present in the speech body. This is known as the

recently effect

The conclusion of your speech is typically shorter than the introduction.

true

All of the following are effective ways to establish your credibility as a speaker EXCEPT

previewing your main points to demonstrate your knowledge

All of the following are tasks to be accomplished during the conclusion of a speech EXCEPT

establishing credibility

After getting your audience's attention, you should shift smoothly to the next element of your introduction, which is

indicating your speech's purpose and thesis.

An effective attention getter can help to reduce a speaker's nervousness.

true

The idea that an audience is likely to form an opinion of a speaker in the first few moments of a speech is termed the

primary effect

Letting the audience know you are an authority on your topic establishes your

credibility

When you ask a rhetorical question in your speech, you are encouraging your listeners to think about the answer, but they will expect you to provide the answer as part of your speech.

true

Ending your speech with a dramatic statement is one technique for

providing closure

Asking your audience a question can be an effective attention getter at the start of your speech.

true

Integrating visual and auditory imagery in the conclusion of your speech can make your topic more memorable and reinforce your purpose.

true

All of the following are accomplished by a speaker in the speech's introduction EXCEPT

providing a memorable message

The conclusion of your speech is the least important of the four speech parts.

False

The first thing a speaker should do in his or her introduction is state the thesis of the speech.

False

The introduction has six functions.

False

Including a memorable message in the conclusion of your speech will

Helps make your thesis unforgettable

Your speech should end with a strong reference to the opening attention device.

true

It is not necessary to preview your main points when your general purpose is to entertain.

False