Chapter 13: Muscular System Lecture

Vocabulary based on the Chapter 13 lecture transcript covering the characteristics, functions, and structures of the skeletal muscular system.

Three Muscle Types

The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.

Skeletal Muscle Description

The type of muscle that is voluntary, multinucleated, and striated.

Sarcolemma

The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consisting of a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell.

Sarcoplasm

The fluid portion or cytoplasm found on the inside of a skeletal muscle cell.

Skeletal Muscle Cell Length

The range of length for these cells can be from $0.1\,\text{cm}$ to greater than $30\,\text{cm}$.

Skeletal Muscle Primary Function

To produce force by shortening and pulling on bones to allow for movement.

Tendon

A type of connective tissue that is continuous with a whole muscle and attaches it to a bone.

Ligament

A type of connective tissue that attaches bone to bone and has nothing to do with muscle.

Knee Ligaments

The four ligaments connecting the femur to the tibia, categorized as lateral, medial, anterior, and posterior.

Patellar Tendon

The tendon where the quadricep muscles (front of the thigh) attach to the tibia.

Shivering

Micro muscle contractions that cause an increase in heat to help maintain constant body temperature and homeostasis.

Lymphatic System Fluid Movement

Because this system lacks a pump like the heart, fluid is moved as muscles contract and press on the vessels wedged between muscle cells.

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A group of four muscles—supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis—that stabilize the shoulder joint.

Peri my xium

A tough, dense fibrous connective tissue that wraps around the whole muscle to protect underlying tissue and prevent over-expansion.