M Phil FInal

These flashcards cover key philosophical concepts discussed in the lecture regarding consciousness and identity.

Consciousness

Locke argues that the continuity of consciousness is the establishing factor of personal identity.

Kitchen Philosophies

Sor Juana uses the phrase to illustrate her thinking on the material properties of ingredients, highlighting a natural drive to learn.

Hypothetical Imperative

Kant's principle of reason explaining what one ought to do conditionally, based on striving for a further goal.

Bundle

Hume's concept that the self is merely a 'bundle' of perceptions without a concrete self.

The Copy Principle

Hume's theory stating that all human ideas derive from impressions, and there are no entirely new ideas.

Custom

Hume describes it as the natural tendency to associate beliefs with known objects or events.

Maxim

Kant outlines maxims as rules of action that guide moral duties, tested for universality.

Imperfect Duties

Kant distinguishes them as flexible obligatory ends, differing from perfect duties.

Cool Self-Love

Butler associates it with a higher-order principle evaluating passions for long-term happiness.

Kingdom of Ends

Kant's metaphorical reality where moral laws are legislated in line with community ideals.

Calm Passions

Hume's notion of calm passions being the strongest, due to their lasting effects rather than immediate sensations.

Moral Sentiments

Hume identifies these as the drivers behind ethical decision-making, rather than pure reason.

Conscience

Butler describes conscience as the principle for self-approval or disapproval of actions, linked to duty.

Empiricism

Hume's view that all knowledge originates from sensory experience rather than reason.

Melancholy Thought

Sor Juana envisions a reflective state where happiness allows for focus on the relationship between happiness and knowledge.

Autonomy

Kant defines it as the ability to set laws for oneself, connecting it to treating people as ends.

Impressions

Hume defines impressions as lively perceptions that give rise to ideas.

The Problem of Induction

Hume elaborates on the false assumption that future events will resemble the past without demonstrative reasoning.

Formula of Humanity

Kant's method for humans to treat humanity in every step of moral decision-making.

Person

Locke's concept investigating what makes someone the same person over time, linked to continuity of consciousness.