1.3 The Northern Renaissance

what was the most produced by the printing press?

religious topics and reproductions of classical literature

northern renaissance vs italian renaissance

the Italian renaissance was when the renaissance started (because it started in the Italian city-states) vs the Northern renaissance which was the spread of the renaissance to other European countries —> same ideas remained but different things were emphasized so the Italian one was more humanistic and secular while the Northern one was a little more religious

northern renaissance vs italian renaissance art

the Northern Renaissance art included naturalism but it was more human centered because they considered objects and people appropriate subjects for art (so way more scenes from ordinary life)

Pieter Bruegel the Elder’s art

a Dutch artist that painted Netherlandish Proverbs, a painting of the peasants and animals (mostly dead) with no symbolism so very naturalistic. he also painted The procession to Calvary depicts christ carrying his cross to the place of his execution

Rembrandt

a Dutch artist that painted Slaughtered Ox no symbolism and definitely not an elitist theme but more from ordinary life. he also painted Return of the Prodigal Son which is a depiction of the return of something from the bible idrk what it is

christian humanism and its impact

what it is: the blending of christianity and humanism (people wanted to revive Christianity during its more simpler times when there wasn’t a complicated hierarchy in the church)

its impact: led to impulse for reform in the Northern Renaissance

Erasmus

very very important Christian Humanist that wrote a book, In Praise of Folly, that undermined political and social institutions and criticized the corruption of the church (because remember christian humanists are tryna recover an ancient/simpler version of christianity). ALSO he believed education from the classics AND the bible was important for societal reforms (so not secular philosophy rather the philosophy of christ)