Biology Final Study Guide (Quiz Questions)

An enzyme is a(n):

Protein

An enzyme promotes a chemical reaction by:

Lowering the energy of the activity

What is a substance called if it speeds up a reaction?

Catalyst

An uncatalyzed reaction involved:

No energy

Energy that is stored in a chemical compound is:

Potential energy

A form of energy associated with motion is:

Kinetic energy

What is the enzyme that serves as the catalyst for the syntheses of ATP from AMP and ADP?

ATP Synthase

What is the enzyme that serves as the catalyst for the hydrolysis of a phosphate bond in adenosine triphosphate?

ATPase

What molecule is needed in ATP hydrolysis to split apart ATP to create ADP?

H20

Which compound provides energy to the cell?

ATP

How many phosphate groups does ATP contain?

8

In ADP and ATP energy is stored in the:

Phosphate bond

When ATP is converted to ADP, energy is:

Released

To convert ADP to ATP, energy is required to attach:

A single phosphate grouo

Where in a plant is chlorophyll found?

Chloroplast

Which process is used by green plants to make food?

Photosynthesis

What is the name of the green pigment found in plants?

Chlorophyll

What raw materials are needed by the plants to make glucose?

Water and carbon dioxide

What is needed to release energy from glucose at the start of aerobic respiration?

Oxygen

How many molecules of ATP are gained during the Krebs Cycle?

2

How many total molecules of ATP are produced as a result of glycolysis?

2

Organisms need a way of storing energy because ____.

A cell can’t always immediately use all the energy it gets

Which type of fermentation can occur in most animals?

Lactic acid fermentation

The substances produced by lactic acid fermentation are ATP, ____ & ____.

Lactic acid & carbon dioxide

Which type of fermentation can occur in bacteria and yeast?

Alcoholic fermentation

How does your body eliminate carbon dioxide waste produced by respiration?

By exhaling

How many molecules of ATP are produced as a result of the electron transport chain during respiration?

32 molcules

How many total molecules of ATP are produced as a result of aerobic respiration?

36 molecules

The carrier that receives the high-energy electrons produced by glycolysis is:

NADH

Fermentation occurs in the:

Absence of oxygen

In the absence of oxygen, yeasts convert pyruvic acid to:

Alcohol and carbon dioxide

Respiration occurs in:

Both plants & animals

How many total molecules of ATP are produced as a result of lactic acid fermentation?

2 molecules

Chemical pathway used to convert high energy from ATP and NADP* into sugars, also called the light-independent reactions

Calvin cycle

In the spaces provided below, correctly identify the parts of the organic compound ATP using the provided terms (Phosphate - Adenine - Ribose)

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light —> C₆H₆ + 6O₂

What is the chemical equation for respiration?

C₆H₁₂O₆ —> 6CO₂ + 6HO₂ + ATP

What are (list) the three stages of cellular respiration?

a.) Glycolysis

b.) Krebs cycle

c.) Electron transport chain (ETC)

Why do plants appear green?

Chlorophyll reflecting the light

Where does the chemical energy come from that is needed to keep an organism alive?

From the phosphate bonds in ATP.