Structures

Guanidine (Draw)

Propionic Acid (Draw)

Azide (Draw)

Thiophene (Draw)

Butanal (Draw)

β-Lactame (Draw)

Nitroso group (Draw)

Tetrazole (Draw)

Purine (Draw)

Carbonic acid (Draw)

Name it

Schiff base (imine)

Name it

Formic acid

Name it

Oxirane

Ethylene oxide

Name it

Carboxylic acid anhydride

Name it

Alcoholate

M = Na Sodium Alcoholate

Name it

Formaldehyde

Name it

Amide

Amide bond

Peptide bond

Name it

Cyclopentane

Name it

Disulfide

Name it

Benzoyl

Name it

Diclofenac

Name it

Diethyl Malonate

Name it

Procaine

Name it

Barbituric acid

Intravenous anaesthetics. Write the synthesis of one of them.

The structure of ephedrine. Mark the chiral atoms of the structure. How many optical isomers has ephedrin? What is its main medical use?

How many optical isomers has ephedrin? 4.

What is its main medical use? Vasoconstrictive action in colds, flu, rhinitis, allergic disorders.

What is DOPA (with structure) and what is it used for?

What is DOPA: Precursor of dopamine

What is it used for: To treat Parkinson’s disease

Circle the following groups in the molecules

Options:
A. Piperazine
B. Allyl
C. Cyclopropyl
D. Dihydrofuran
E. Amide bond
F. Carbonyl group
G. Secondary amine
H. Thiol
I. Ether
J. Phenol

Please, define the therapeutic effects of the following compounds:
N₂O:
Li₂CO₃:
AgNO₃:

N₂O:

-Used in surgery for its anesthetic and analgesic effects

Li₂CO₃:

-Useful in bipolar disorder or manic-depressive disorder

-Protein kinase C inhibitor

AgNO₃:

-Antiseptic in dilute solution

-Cauterizing agent

Write down the names and chemical formulas for at least two antacids.

Calcium carbonate, CaCO₃
Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)₃

What are the names of the following molecules? Write down the usage/indications of these molecules in brief.

What does racemate means and how can we separate a racemate?

-What does racemate mean? A 50:50 mixture of 2 enantiomers.

-How can we separate a racemate? Using a chiral resolving agent to form diastereomers, then split them by crystallization or chromatography.

Name it

Cocaine

Name it

Acetylcholine

Name it

Pyridine

Name it

Epinephrine

Amphetamine. Structure and biological action, its use in medicine.

-Biological action: Modulates the behaviour of dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine.

-Use in medicine: Treats ADHD in children under 12, narcolepsy, obesity, hypnotic overdose, athletic performance enhancer cognitive enhancer

The structure and synthesis of diclofenac. What it is used for, which family of drugs it belongs to?

Use: Reduce inflammation + pain

Family: NSAID

The two structural types of local anesthetics, with examples. Explain briefly their mode of action.

-Aminoamides (benzocaine, procaine), metabolized in liver

-Aminoesters (cocaine, lidocaine), metabolized in plasma