Science yearly revison 2024

Food chain

A simple model that shows the flow of energy from one species to another in an ecosystem.

Producers

Organisms, usually plants or algae, that make their own food through photosynthesis.

Primary consumers

Herbivores that eat producers, such as a rabbit eating grass.

Secondary consumers

Carnivores or omnivores that eat primary consumers, such as a fox eating a rabbit.

Tertiary consumers

Top predators that eat secondary consumers, such as an eagle eating a snake.

Apex Predator

An organism located at the top of a food chain or food web, with no natural predators.

Abiotic factor

A non-living thing in an ecosystem, including sunlight, water, sand, and rocks.

Biotic factors

A living thing in an ecosystem, such as corals, sea jellies, and whales.

Competition

The struggle between organisms for the same resources, occurring when resources are limited.

Decomposer

An organism that breaks down dead matter by releasing chemicals, such as fungi and bacteria.

Detritivore

An organism that eats dead matter and waste, such as worms.

Ecosystem

A collection of organisms interacting with each other and their environment.

Energy

The ability to move, grow, and function, obtained by producers from sunlight.

Invasive species

A species introduced to a new ecosystem that causes harm.

Matter

Any substance that takes up space and has mass.

Photosynthesis

The process used by producers to convert sunlight into food.

Habitat

The natural environment of a species, providing necessary resources.

Ecology

The branch of science that studies ecosystems.

Consumer

A living thing that gets its food by eating other living things.

Carnivore

An animal that only eats meat.

Herbivore

An animal that only eats plants.

Omnivore

An animal that eats both meat and plants.

Friction

A force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.

Gravity

A non-contact force that pulls objects toward the center of the earth.

Atom

The smallest unit of an element, made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Molecule

Two or more atoms bonded together.

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.

Solution

A mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another.

State of Matter

The physical forms in which matter can exist: solid, liquid, gas.

Sublimation

The process where a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid.

Cellular level

The organization of life that includes organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and living organisms.

Organelle

A specialized cellular part with a specific function.

Tissue

A group of cells or fluid that work together to perform a specific function.