Global History: Africa, India, and the Middle East Review

This set of flashcards covers vocabulary related to African colonial history, South Asian geography and religion, and Middle Eastern geopolitical conflicts as described in the lecture notes.

Pan-Africanism

A movement and ideology that influenced independence movements in Africa by encouraging the solidarity of Africans worldwide.

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

The historical trade system that forcibly transported Africans to the Americas, differing significantly from the forms of slave trade previously existing within Africa.

The Scramble for Africa

The rapid colonization and partitioning of the African continent by European powers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Berlin Conference

A meeting of European powers that determined the rules for colonizing Africa and decided how the continent would be split up.

Rwandan Genocide

A mass slaughter of ethnic groups in Rwanda resulting from long-standing tensions and leading to significant loss of life.

Apartheid

The system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that was put in place in South Africa.

Nelson Mandela

The prominent anti-apartheid activist and leader in South Africa who fought against the system of racial segregation.

Moksha

A central concept in Indian religions representing the liberation or release from the cycle of rebirth.

Partition

The division of British India into the separate nations of India and Pakistan, a move that Gandhi strongly opposed.

Narendra Modi

The current Prime Minister and a significant political figure in India.

Iran-Iraq War

A conflict fought from $1980$ to $1988$ in which the United States provided support to one side for strategic reasons.

Saddam Hussein

The leader of Iraq who famously invaded Kuwait and was eventually tried and executed.

Taliban and Al Qaeda

Two militant Islamist groups whose relationship and cooperation significantly influenced regional stability and global events.

Arab Spring

A series of anti-government protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across the Arab world starting in the early $2010s$.

Indo-Gangetic Plain

The key plains and river regions around which much of Indian civilization developed and continues to reside.