TEAS FINAL SCIENCE

Ribosomes

protein synthesis

Endoplasmic reticulum

calcium storge, protein synthesis, lipid metabolism

• consists of rough and smooth er

Rough ER

protein transport

Smooth ER

detoxification

Golgi apparatus

process and package proteins

Lysosomes

full of enzymes that break down excess or worn out cell parts

Vacuole

sequester waste products

Mitosis

somatic cells for the body

• 2 daughter cells

Cytokinesis

concluding phase; cytoplasm splits in 2 identical cells

Meiosis

4 non-identical gamete cells

Meiosis Anaphase

allows for the random assortment of chromosomes, contributing to genetic diversity aong offspring

Gene

unit of paired nucleotides

Regulatory genes

produce proteins or RNA that control the expression of other genes

mRNA

• messenger - carries to ribosome

rRNA

• ribosome - location for protein synthesis

tRNA

• transfer - decodes mRNA into a protein - polypeptide chain

Transcription

DNA → mRNA

Translation

mRNA → tRNA synthesis

RNA polymerase

makes m RNA

Isotope

same number of protons, different number of neutrons

Density

relationship between mass and volume

• density = mass/volume

Condensation

gas → water/liquid

Evaporation

liquid/water → gas

Sublimination

solid → gas (no liquid phase)

Deposition

gas → solid (no liquid phase)

Mole

6.022 × 10(23) - avogardos number

Collision theory

for particles to react, they have to collide with each other with sufficient energy - activation energy

Equilibrium

when rate of forward reaction equals rate of reverse reaction in a closed system

Static equilibrium

rate of reactions are zero

Dynamic equilibrium

occur at the same time

Adhesion

binding/attraction between dissimilar molecules, atoms, surfaces, substances

• water molecule sticking to glass

Cohesion

attraction of molecules for other molecules of same kind

• water molecules bead together

Solution

homogenous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in solvent

Solute

can be dissolved in small amount

Solvent

ability to dissolve in large amount, mostly in water

Hypertonic

more salt than hypotonic

Passive transport

difusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

Diffusion

smaller particles

Facilitated diffusion

large particles

Osmosis

movement of water

Active transport

lower to higher concentration using ATP

What is formed when an acid reacts with a base?

salt and water

King henry doenst unually drink cold milk

Kilo, Hecto, Deca, Unit, Deci, Centi, Milli

Empirical evidence

info obtained through observation, experimentation, or other investigation process

Qualitative

quality or descriptive date

Quantitative

quantity or numerical date

Variables

a factor, condition, or item that can be changed, controlled or measured in an experiment

Independent variable

can change

DEpendent variable

can measure

Controlled variable

maintained

Causal relationships

connection between 2 variables where one variable influences or causes a change in other variable

Cause

event or action precipitationg outcome

Effect

result or outcome

Scientific method

observation → research → hypothesis → experiment → conclusion