Global Resistance to Established Power Structures

These flashcards cover important vocabulary related to global resistance movements and their impact on established power structures.

Global Resistance

Challenges and movements against established power structures engaged by people around the world, especially after 1900.

Mohandas Gandhi

A leader who used nonviolent tactics to oppose British colonial rule in India, leading to India's independence in 1947.

Martin Luther King Jr.

Prominent leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s, known for his advocacy of nonviolent resistance.

Civil Rights Act of 1965

A landmark piece of legislation in the U.S. that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Apartheid

A system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa that was enforced by the government until the early 1990s.

Nelson Mandela

Leader of the anti-apartheid war in South Africa who became an international symbol of resistance to oppression.

Brezhnev Doctrine

The Soviet policy stating that the USSR would intervene to protect socialist governments from being overthrown.

Prague Spring

A period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia under Alexander Dubcek in 1968 that was eventually suppressed by Soviet intervention.

Shining Path

A Maoist guerrilla group in Peru known for its violent tactics and use of terrorism to achieve political objectives.

Terrorism

The use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, to pursue political aims.

Military-Industrial Complex

A coalition of the armed services and defense contractors that influences government policy and appropriations.

Ulster Defence Association (UDA)

A loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland that sought to maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the UK.

Irish Republican Army (IRA)

An armed organization that fought for the reunification of Ireland and used both political and violent means to achieve its goals.

ETA (Basque Homeland and Freedom)

A separatist group in Spain that sought independence for the Basque region and was known for using violence.

Collectivization

An economic policy aimed at consolidating individual landholdings into collective farms, notably enforced by the USSR.

Social Movements of 1968

Worldwide protests and uprisings in 1968 that challenged authority and demanded more freedoms, occurring in various countries.

Nonviolent Resistance

A method of activism that seeks to achieve social and political change without the use of violence.

Francisco Franco

The dictator of Spain from 1939 to 1975, known for his authoritarian rule and suppression of political dissent.

Idi Amin

A military dictator of Uganda whose regime from 1971 to 1979 was marked by political repression and human rights abuses.

Military Dictatorship

A government led by military officials who typically assume power through a coup d'état.